12 Grupa Armii

12 Grupa Armii
12th Army Group
Historia
Państwo

 Stany Zjednoczone

Sformowanie

14 czerwca 1944

Rozformowanie

12 czerwca 1945

Dowódcy
Ostatni

Omar Bradley

Działania zbrojne
Front zachodni (II wojna światowa)
Organizacja
Podległość

Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force

Gen. Omar Bradley, dowódca 12 Grupy Armii

12 Grupa Armiiwyższy związek operacyjny armii Stanów Zjednoczonych okresu II wojny światowej.

Wzięła udział w walkach na froncie zachodnim w latach 1944–1945.

Skład grupy armii jak i poszczególnych armii był zmienny i wyznaczany w zależności od potrzeb na danym kierunku operacyjnym.

Ordre de Bataille[1]

12th Army Group.svg 12 Grupa Armii – gen. Omar Bradley

  • 1st Army.svg 1 Armia – gen. Courtney H. Hodges
    • 78th Infantry Division SSI.svg 78 Dywizja Piechoty – gen. dyw. Edwin P. Parker Jr.
    • US VII Corps SSI.png VII Korpus – gen. J. Lawton Collins
      • 9th Infantry Division patch.svg 9 Dywizja Piechoty – gen. dyw. Louis A. Craig
      • 9th US Armored Division SSI.svg 9 Dywizja Pancerna – gen. dyw. John W. Leonard
      • US 69th Infantry Division.svg 69 Dywizja Piechoty – gen. dyw. Emil F. Reinhardt
      • 104TrngDivLdrTrngSSI.svg 104 Dywizja Piechoty – gen. dyw. Terry de la Mesa Allen Sr.
  • US3ASSI.svg 3 Armia – gen. George S. Patton
      • 1 Dywizja Piechoty – gen. dyw. Clift Andrus
      • 2nd Infantry Division SSI (full color).svg 2 Dywizja Piechoty – gen. dyw. Walter M. Robertson
      • 70th Infantry Division patch.svg 70 Dywizja Piechoty – gen. dyw. Allison J. Barnett
      • 97THID.svg 97 Dywizja Piechoty – gen. bryg. Milton B. Halsey
      • 3 Corps Shoulder Sleeve Insignia.svg III Korpus – gen. dyw. James Van Fleet
      • V Corps.svg V Korpus – gen. dyw. Clarence R. Huebner
      • XII CORPS SSI.gif XII Korpus – gen. dyw. Stafford LeRoy Irwin
        • 4th US Armored Division SSI.svg 4 Dywizja Pancerna – gen. dyw. William M. Hoge
        • US 5th Infantry Division.svg 5 Dywizja Piechoty – gen. dyw. Albert E. Brown
        • 11th US Armored Division SSI.svg 11 Dywizja Pancerna – gen. dyw. Holmes E. Dager
        • Yankee Division.svg 26 Dywizja Piechoty – gen. dyw. Willard S. Paul
        • 90th Infantry Division.patch.svg 90 Dywizja Piechoty – gen. dyw. Herbert L. Earnest
      • XX Corps ssi.gif XX Korpus – gen. dyw. Walton H. Walker
        • 13th US Armored Division SSI.svg 13 Dywizja Pancerna – gen. dyw. John Millikin
        • 65th Infantry Division SVG.svg 65 Dywizja Piechoty – gen. dyw. Stanley E. Reinhart
        • US 71st Infantry Division.svg 71 Dywizja Piechoty – gen. dyw. Willard G. Wyman
        • 80th Inf Div SSI SVG.svg 80 Dywizja Piechoty – gen. dyw. Horace L. McBride
    • US Ninth Army patch.svg 9 Armia – gen. bron. William H. Simpson
      • United States Army 2nd Armored Division CSIB.svg 2 Dywizja Pancerna – gen. dyw. Isaac D. White
      • VIII CORPS SSI.gif VIII Korpus – gen. dyw. Troy H. Middleton
        • 6th US Armored Division SSI.svg 6 Dywizja Pancerna – gen. dyw. Robert W. Grow
        • 76 Inf Div SSI.svg 76 Dywizja Piechoty – gen. dyw. William R. Schmidt
        • US 87th Infantry Division.svg 87 Dywizja Piechoty – gen. dyw. Frank L. Culin Jr.
        • 89th Regional Readiness Command SSI.svg 89 Dywizja Piechoty – gen. dyw. Thomas D. Finley
      • USA - XIII Corps.png XIII Korpus – gen. dyw. Alvan C. Gillem, Jr.
        • 30th Infantry Division SSI.svg 30 Dywizja Piechoty – gen. dyw. Leland S. Hobbs
        • 35th Infantry Division SSI.svg 35 Dywizja Piechoty – gen. dyw. Paul W. Baade
        • 83rd Infantry Division SSI.svg 83 Dywizja Piechoty – gen. dyw. Robert C. Macon
        • US 84th Infantry Division.svg 84 Dywizja Piechoty – gen. dyw. Alexander R. Bolling
        • 102 INF DIV SSI.svg 102 Dywizja Piechoty – gen. dyw. Frank A. Keating
      • XVI Corps SSI.svg XVI Korpus – gen. dyw. John B. Anderson
        • 29th Infantry Division SSI.svg 29 Dywizja Piechoty – gen. dyw. Charles H. Gerhardt
        • 75e Division d'Infanterie (USA).svg 75 Dywizja Piechoty – gen. dyw. Ray E. Porter
        • 79th Infantry Division SSI.svg 79 Dywizja Piechoty – gen. dyw. Ira T. Wyche
        • 95TrainingDivSSI SVG.svg 95 Dywizja Piechoty – gen. dyw. Harry L. Twaddle
      • XIX Corps SSI.svg XIX Korpus – gen. dyw. Raymond S. McLain
        • 3rd US Armored Division SSI.svg 3 Dywizja Pancerna – gen. bryg. Doyle O. Hickey
        • 8th US Armored Division SSI.svg 8 Dywizja Pancerna – gen. dyw. John M. Devine
    • 15th US Army SSI.svg 15 Armia – Lieutenant General Leonard T. Gerow

Przypisy

  1. Skład grupy armii w ostatniej ofensywie

Bibliografia

  • Omar Nelson Bradley: Żołnierska epopeja. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Ministerstwa Obrony Narodowej, 1989. ISBN 83-11-07683-9.
  • George Smith Patton, Wojna jak ją poznałem, Emilia Niemirska (tłum.), Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Ministerstwa Obrony Narodowej, 1989, ISBN 83-11-07672-3, OCLC 69472286.

Media użyte na tej stronie

Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg
US Flag with 48 stars. In use for 47 years from July 4, 1912, to July 3, 1959.
66th Infantry Division shoulder sleeve insignia.jpg
Autor: Italia2006, Licencja: CC BY-SA 4.0
Shoulder sleeve insignia (SSI) of the United States Army's 66th Infantry Division.
XIX Corps SSI.svg
XIX Corps shoulder sleeve insignia
4 Infantry Division SSI.svg
4th Infantry Division shoulder insignia :
I created this work during the course of my official duties. As a United States Army soldier, it is considered the work of the United States Federal Government, and as such is in the public domain. -- Steven Williamson (HiB2Bornot2B) - talk 15:49, 26 July 2007 (UTC)
3 Corps Shoulder Sleeve Insignia.svg
Shoulder sleeve insignia of the III Corps.

Opis

A blue caltrop with three points that lie on a circle of 1 1/2 inch radius with a white triangle in the center with points that lie on a circle of 3/8 inch radius. The design is enclosed by a 1/8 inch Army green border.

Symbolism

The triangular design represents the numerical designation of the corps. The blue and white are the authorized colors used in distinguishing flags to represent corps.

Background

The shoulder sleeve insignia was approved by the Adjutant General, American Expeditionary Force on December 3, 1918. It was approved by the War Department on June 17, 1922.
79th Infantry Division SSI.svg

Shoulder Sleeve Insignia of the 79th Infantry Division (now the 79th U.S. Army Reserve Command).

Description
  • A blue triangular shield 2 1/2 inches (6.35 cm) in height by 2 1/8 inches (5.40 cm) in width, a Lorraine Cross within an orle. Cross and orle silver gray and the elements of each 1/8 inch (.32 cm) in width.
Symbolism
  • The Lorraine Cross was adopted as the insignia because it is a symbol of triumph and the 79th Division fought victoriously in the Lorraine Campaign during World War I.
Background
  • The shoulder sleeve insignia was originally approved for the 79th Division by telegram on 16 November 1918. It was officially announced by the War Department on 23 June 1922. It was redesignated for the 79th Command Headquarters (Divisional) on 14 October 1963. The insignia was redesignated for the 79th US Army Reserve Command on 22 April 1968.
XVI Corps SSI.svg
US Army XVI Corps shoulder sleeve insignia
US 87th Infantry Division.svg
US Army 87th Infantry Division Shoulder Sleeve Insignia
XXII Corps SSI.svg
XXII Corps shoulder sleeve insignia
USA - XIII Corps.png
Representation of the United States Army XIII Corps insignia. Made with Photoshop.
Yankee Division.svg
I created this work during the course of my official duties. As a United States Army soldier, it is considered the work of the United States Federal Government, and as such is in the public domain. -- Steven Williamson (HiB2Bornot2B) - talk 03:38, 26 July 2007 (UTC)
US 5th Infantry Division.svg
US Army 5th Infantry Division Shoulder Sleeve Insignia
6th US Armored Division SSI.svg
US Army 6th Armored Division Shoulder Sleeve Insignia
8th Infantry Division patch.svg
I created this work during the course of my official duties. As a United States Army soldier, it is considered the work of the United States Federal Government, and as such is in the public domain. -- Steven Williamson (HiB2Bornot2B) - talk 17:39, 26 July 2007 (UTC)
4th US Armored Division SSI.svg
US Army 4th Armored Division Shoulder Sleeve Insignia
13th US Armored Division SSI.svg
US Army 13th Armored Division Shoulder Sleeve Insignia
82nd Airborne Division CSIB.svg
United States Army 82nd Airborne Division shoulder sleeve insignia.
V Corps.svg
Bade of the V Corps (US)
US VII Corps SSI.png
US Army VII Corps Shoulder Sleeve Insignia
94th Regional Readiness Command SSI.svg

Shoulder Sleeve Insignia of the 94th Infantry Division (now the 94th Regional Readiness Command).

Description
  • On a disc divided bend sinister silver gray and black fimbriated silver gray, all edged with a 1/8 inch (.32cm) black border, a black Arabic numeral "9" on the silver gray and a silver gray Arabic numeral "4" on the black. The diameter is 2 1/2 inches (6.35cm).
Symbolism
  • The insignia represents the numerical designation of the unit.
Background
  • The history of the shoulder sleeve insignia authorized for the U.S. Army Regional Support Command is as follows:
    • A design featuring a Native American with bow and arrow was authorized for the 94th Division on 21 Jul 1922.
    • The above design was superseded by approval of the design of a Puritan carrying a blunderbuss on his shoulder on 6 Sep 1923.
    • The above approval was amended to change the wording of the description on 22 Dec 1923.
    • The Puritan design was superseded by design featuring the Arabic numerals "9" and "4" on 5 Sep 1942.
    • The "9/4" design was rescinded (cancelled) on 14 May 1956. The same letter reinstated the Puritan shoulder sleeve insignia, with a minor change in the design, for the 94th Infantry Division.
    • The Puritan design was redesignated for the 94th Command Headquarters (Divisional) on 16 Oct 1963.
    • The Puritan design was authorized for the 94th U.S. Army Reserve Command on 22 Apr 1968.
    • The Puritan design was rescinded (cancelled) on 27 Nov 1991. The same letter reinstated the "9/4" design.
    • The insignia was redesignated effective 16 July 2003 for the U.S. Army 94th Regional Readiness Command.
75e Division d'Infanterie (USA).svg
US 75th Infantry Division Shoulder Sleeve Insignia. The previous patch had the number colors inverted.
XII CORPS SSI.gif
XII Corps SSI from [1]
US 1st Infantry Division SSI.svg
1st Infantry Division Shoulder Sleeve Insignia
90th Infantry Division.patch.svg
Ta ^specifik^ z W3C grafika wektorowa została stworzona za pomocą Inkscape.
US 84th Infantry Division.svg
US Army 84th Infantry Division Shoulder Sleeve Insignia
United States Army 2nd Armored Division CSIB.svg
US Army 2nd Armored Division Shoulder Sleeve Insignia
7th US Armored Division SSI.svg
US Army 7th Armored Division Shoulder Sleeve Insignia
VIII CORPS SSI.gif
VIII Corps SSI
11th US Armored Division SSI.svg
US Army 11th Armored Division Shoulder Sleeve Insignia
US 71st Infantry Division.svg
US Army 71st Infantry Division Shoulder Sleeve Insignia
15th US Army SSI.svg
Fifteenth US Army Shoulder Sleeve Insignia
28th Infantry Division SSI (1918-2015).svg
28th Infantry Division Shoulder Sleeve Insignia
14th US Armored Division SSI.svg
US Army 14th Armored Division Shoulder Sleeve Insignia
XXIII Corps SSI.gif
XXIII Corps shoulder sleeve insignia
US 69th Infantry Division.svg
US Army 69th Infantry Division Shoulder Sleeve Insignia
1st Army.svg
1st US Army Shoulder Sleeve Insignia
US Ninth Army patch.svg
Shoulder Sleeve Insignia of the U.S. Ninth Army
12th Army Group.svg
Autor: Beringar, Licencja: CC-BY-SA-3.0
Badge of the 12th US Army Group
8th US Armored Division SSI.svg
US Army 8th Armored Division Shoulder Sleeve Insignia
5th US Armored Division SSI.svg
US Army 5th Armored Division Shoulder Sleeve Insignia
102 INF DIV SSI.svg
102nd Infantry Division Shoulder Sleeve Insignia
2nd Infantry Division SSI (full color).svg
  • Upon a five pointed white star whose points lie in the circumference of an imaginary circle 3-1/2 inches (8.89 cm) in diameter a Native American's head with war bonnet in profile, face red, bonnet blue with outline of feathers in blue.
  • The star to be superimposed upon a black shield, of dimensions such that the points of the star shall lie at a distance of 1/8 inch (.32 cm) from the perimeter.

Symbolism:

  • The star has played an important part in our history from the days of the Colonies to the present time.
  • The Native signifies the first and original American.
  • These devices were originally established by the division to use as vehicle markings and to identify the vehicles as all American.

Background:

  • The shoulder sleeve insignia was originally authorized for the 2d Division on 6 Nov 1918, officially announced by The Adjutant General letter, 21 Jun 1922, amended to correct the description on 7 Nov 1927 and redesignated for the 2d Infantry Division on 1 Aug 1942.

Work of Federal Government

I created this work during the course of my official duties. As a United States Army soldier, it is considered the work of the United States Federal Government, and as such is in the public domain. -- Steven Williamson (HiB2Bornot2B) - talk 20:26, 26 July 2007 (UTC)
9th Infantry Division patch.svg
9th Infantry Division patch
97THID.svg
Shoulder sleeve insignia of the 97th Infantry Division, U.S. Army.
76 Inf Div SSI.svg
76th Infantry Division SSI from [1]
35th Infantry Division SSI.svg
35th Infantry Division Shoulder Sleeve Insignia
XVIII Airborne Corps CSIB.svg
;Description
  • Issuing from the sinister side of a 2-1/4 inch white square, flat side up, a blue dragon’s head all within a 1/8 inch blue border. (The dragon’s tongue points to dexter base corner.) Immediately above and touching the insignia a blue arc tab 11/16 inch in width, 2 1/2 inches in length containing white letters "AIRBORNE" 5/16 inch in height.
Symbolism
  • The dragon’s head is representative of cunning, endurance and ferocity against enemies and is symbolic of the strategy and powerful attack of the Corps, Also known as the 'Gaggin Dragon'.
Background
  • Originally approved 15 Feb 1944 and subsequently amended to include the Airborne Tab on 1 May 1950.
106Infantry Division.svg
On a blue disc within a white edge, a gold lion's face all within a red border.

1. The blue is for infantry, while the red represents artillery support.

2. The lion's face represents strength and power.
78th Infantry Division SSI.svg

Shoulder Sleeve Insignia of the 78th Infantry Division.

Description
  • On a red semi-disc 3 inches (7.62cm) in diameter, a white bolt of lightning from sinister chief to dexter base, all within a 1/8 inch (.32cm) green border.
Symbolism
  • The lightning flash on the red background alludes to the combat record of the division likened to a "bolt of lightning…" and to its designation as the "Lightning Division."
Background
  • The shoulder sleeve insignia was originally approved for the 78th Division on 27 May 1922. It was retained for the 78th Division (Training) on 11 Sep 1959. The insignia was redesignated on 1 Oct 1993 for the 78th Division (Exercise) and the description revised to provide metric measurements. The insignia was redesignated for the 78th Division (Training Support) on 17 Oct 1999.
16th US Armored Division SSI.svg
US Army 16th Armored Division Shoulder Sleeve Insignia
9th US Armored Division SSI.svg
US Army 9th Armored Division Shoulder Sleeve Insignia
89th Regional Readiness Command SSI.svg

Shoulder Sleeve Insignia of the 89th Division (now the 89th Regional Readiness Command).

Description
  • On a blue disc 1 5/8 inches (4.13cm) in diameter and within a white annulet 3/16 inch (.48cm) in width a white letter “W” formed of curved lines 3/16 inch (.48cm) in width and joining the annulet, all within a 1/8 inch (.32cm) red border. The overall dimension is 2 ¼ inches (5.72cm) in diameter.
Background
  • The shoulder sleeve insignia was originally approved for the 89th Division on 25 Oct 1918 by telegram but not officially announced by the War Department until 23 Jun 1922. It was amended on 21 Dec 1948 to change the colors and reword the measurements. The insignia was approved for the 89th U.S. Army Reserve Command on 26 Jul 1974. On 16 Apr 1996 the insignia was reassigned and approved for the 89th Regional Support Command.
XX Corps ssi.gif
XX Corps shoulder sleeve insignia from [1]
USA - 17 ABN DIV.svg
United States Army 17th Airborne Division insignia. Made with Photoshop.