Atlas Osobliwych Galaktyk
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Atlas Osobliwych Galaktyk (ang. Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies) – katalog galaktyk stworzony przez amerykańskiego astronoma, Haltona Arpa. Spis zawiera 338 obiektów astronomicznych. Został opublikowany w 1966 przez California Institute of Technology. W katalogu znajdują się galaktyki o ciekawych kształtach, np. NGC 4038.
Pierwotnym celem opracowania atlasu było zgromadzenie fotografii galaktyk z nietypowymi strukturami, co miało pomóc wyjaśnieniu jak powstają poszczególne typy galaktyk (spiralne i eliptyczne). Jak się potem okazało, wiele obiektów z atlasu Arpa to przykłady zderzających się i oddziałujących ze sobą par galaktyk. Są tam również galaktyki karłowate, niemające regularnej struktury. Kilka to radiogalaktyki, a także galaktyki aktywne, wyrzucające dżety. Do tych ostatnich należą M87 z katalogu Messiera, oznaczona jako Arp 152, oraz Centaurus A, oznaczona jako Arp 153.
Obiekty o numerach od 1 do 101 to galaktyki spiralne pojedyncze lub mające niewielkiego towarzysza. Obiekty 102–145 to galaktyki eliptyczne, zaś numerami od 146 do 268 oznaczone są galaktyki, które nie są spiralne ani eliptyczne. Numery 269–327 to pary galaktyk, zaś pozostałe fotografie przedstawiają obiekty, których nie można było przypisać do żadnej z pozostałych klas.
Wybrane obiekty katalogu
- Arp 22 – NGC 4027
- Arp 26 – Galaktyka Wiatraczek
- Arp 55 – UGC 4881
- Arp 65 – NGC 90 i NGC 93
- Arp 81 – NGC 6621 i NGC 6622
- Arp 82 – NGC 2535 i NGC 2536
- Arp 84 – NGC 5394 i NGC 5395
- Arp 85 – Galaktyka Wir
- Arp 87 – NGC 3808
- Arp 92 – NGC 7603 i PGC 71041
- Arp 104, Para Keenana – para galaktyk NGC 5216 i NGC 5218
- Arp 116 – Messier 60 i NGC 4647
- Arp 147 – IC 298
- Arp 148 – Obiekt Mayalla
- Arp 153 – NGC 5128
- Arp 157 – NGC 520
- Arp 168 – Messier 32
- Arp 182 – NGC 7674 i NGC 7674A
- Arp 186 – NGC 1614
- Arp 188 – Galaktyka Kijanka
- Arp 193 – IC 883
- Arp 194 – UGC 6945
- Arp 220 – IC 1127
- Arp 236 – IC 1623
- Arp 238 – UGC 8335
- Arp 240 – NGC 5257 i NGC 5258
- Arp 242 – para galaktyk Myszy, NGC 4676
- Arp 243 – NGC 2623
- Arp 244 – para galaktyk Czułki (lub Anteny), NGC 4038 i NGC 4039
- Arp 256
- Arp 261
- Arp 268 – Holmberg II
- Arp 272 – NGC 6050 i IC 1179
- Arp 273 – para galaktyk UGC 1810 i UGC 1813
- Arp 274 – grupa galaktyk NGC 5679
- Arp 276 – para galaktyk NGC 935 i IC 1801
- Arp 297 – NGC 5754 i NGC 5752
- Arp 298 – NGC 7469 i IC 5283
- Arp 299 – NGC 3690 i IC 694
- Arp 302 – UGC 9618
- Arp 316 – NGC 3193
- Arp 317 – Triplet Lwa
- Arp 319 – Kwintet Stephana
- Arp 321 – Hickson 40
- Arp 337 – Galaktyka Cygaro, M82
Linki zewnętrzne
- Katalog Arp
- Zdjęcia galaktyk Arpa. paulandliz.org. [zarchiwizowane z tego adresu (2009-08-27)].
Media użyte na tej stronie
Autor: ESO, Licencja: CC BY 4.0
Spiral galaxy NGC 1097
It is an almost-true colour composite based on images made with the multi-mode VIMOS instrument on the 8.2-m Melipal (Unit Telescope 3) of ESO's Very Large Telescope. Exposures were taken in three different wavebands which were associated to a given colour : R-band (centred around 652 nm; red), V (540 nm; green) and B (456 nm; blue). The images were taken on the night of December 9 to 10, 2004 in the presence of the President of the Republic of Chile, M. Ricardo Lagos. The observing conditions were very good (seeing well below 1 arcsec). The total exposure was 2.25 min in R, 3 min in V and 6 min in B. The scale is 0.205 arcsec/pix and the image covers a 7.7 x 6.6 arcmin2 region on the sky. All exposures were taken and pre-processed by ESO Paranal Science Operation astronomers. Additional image processing by Henri Boffin (ESO).
Credit: ESO
Coordinates Position (RA): 2 46 19.04 Position (Dec): -30° 16' 29.62" Field of view: 6.85 x 7.74 arcminutes Orientation: North is 0.1° left of vertical
Colours & filters Band Wavelength Telescope Optical B 456 nm Very Large Telescope VIMOS Optical V 540 nm Very Large Telescope VIMOS Optical R 652 nm Very Large Telescope VIMOS.
Original caption from NASA: “This NASA Hubble Space Telescope image of the Antennae galaxies (NGC 4038 & 4039) is the sharpest yet of this merging pair of galaxies. During the course of the collision, billions of stars will be formed. The brightest and most compact of these star birth regions are called super star clusters.”
“ The two spiral galaxies started to interact a few hundred million years ago, making the Antennae galaxies one of the nearest and youngest examples of a pair of colliding galaxies. Nearly half of the faint objects in the Antennae image are young clusters containing tens of thousands of stars. The orange blobs to the left and right of image center are the two cores of the original galaxies and consist mainly of old stars criss-crossed by filaments of dust, which appear brown in the image. The two galaxies are dotted with brilliant blue star-forming regions surrounded by glowing hydrogen gas, appearing in the image in pink.”
NASA's Hubble Space Telescope is back in business.
Just a couple of days after the orbiting observatory was brought back online, Hubble aimed its prime working camera, the Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 (WFPC2), at a particularly intriguing target, a pair of gravitationally interacting galaxies called Arp 147.
The image demonstrated that the camera is working exactly as it was before going offline, thereby scoring a "perfect 10" both for performance and beauty.
The two galaxies happen to be oriented so that they appear to mark the number 10. The left-most galaxy, or the "one" in this image, is relatively undisturbed apart from a smooth ring of starlight. It appears nearly on edge to our line of sight. The right-most galaxy, resembling a zero, exhibits a clumpy, blue ring of intense star formation.
The blue ring was most probably formed after the galaxy on the left passed through the galaxy on the right. Just as a pebble thrown into a pond creates an outwardly moving circular wave, a propagating density wave was generated at the point of impact and spread outward. As this density wave collided with material in the target galaxy that was moving inward due to the gravitational pull of the two galaxies, shocks and dense gas were produced, stimulating star formation.
The dusty reddish knot at the lower left of the blue ring probably marks the location of the original nucleus of the galaxy that was hit.
Arp 147 appears in the Arp Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies, compiled by Halton Arp in the 1960s and published in 1966. This picture was assembled from WFPC2 images taken with three separate filters. The blue, visible-light, and infrared filters are represented by the colors blue, green, and red, respectively.
The galaxy pair was photographed on October 27-28, 2008. Arp 147 lies in the constellation Cetus, and it is more than 400 million light-years away from Earth.NGC 6050/IC 1179 (Arp 272) is a remarkable collision between two spiral galaxies, NGC 6050 and IC 1179, and is part of the Hercules Galaxy Cluster, located in the constellation of Hercules. The galaxy cluster is part of the Great Wall of clusters and superclusters, the largest known structure in the universe. The two spiral galaxies are linked by their swirling arms. Arp 272 is located some 450 million light-years away from Earth and is the number 272 in Arp's Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies.
This image is part of a large collection of 59 images of merging galaxies taken by the Hubble Space Telescope and released on the occasion of its 18th anniversary on 24th April 2008.
- Left: NGC 6050A
- Right: NGC 6050B
| O obiekcie | |
|---|---|
| Nazwa objektu | NGC 6050, IC 1179, Arp 272 |
| Opis objektu | Interacting Galaxies |
| Pozycja (J2000) | 16 05 22.97 +17 45 27.2 |
| Konstelacja | Hercules |
| Odległość | 150 million light-years (50 million parsecs) |
| O pliku | |
| Opis | The Hubble image was created using HST data from proposal 11095: K. Noll (STScI) |
| Instrument | WFPC2 |
| Data wykonania | February 12 - 14, 2007 |
| Czas naświetlania | 5 hours |
| Filtry | F435W (B) and F814W (I) |