Discovery (wahadłowiec)

Discovery
Ilustracja
Wahadłowiec Discovery
NazwaDiscovery
OznaczenieOV-103
Data pierwszego lotu30 sierpnia 1984
Pierwsza misjaSTS-41-D
Data ostatniego lotu24 lutego 2011
Ostatnia misjaSTS-133
Liczba zakończonych misji39
Liczba orbit5830
Pokonany dystans238 539 663 km
Liczba dni w przestrzeni kosmicznej365 dni, 12 godzin, 53 minuty, 34 sekundy
StatusNieczynny, w ekspozycji Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center

Discovery (oznaczenie NASA dla orbiteraOV-103) – skonstruowany przez NASA amerykański wahadłowiec kosmiczny, przystosowany do odbywania wielokrotnych podróży na orbitę. Był trzecim promem NASA, który odbył lot w przestrzeń kosmiczną (wcześniej taką podróż odbyły Columbia i Challenger). Jego pierwsza podróż kosmiczna miała miejsce 30 sierpnia 1984, a ostatnia zakończyła się 9 marca 2011. Jego zadaniem w ostatnich latach był transport załogi i wymiana zaopatrzenia Międzynarodowej Stacji Kosmicznej (ISS).

Discovery wyniósł na orbitę teleskop Hubble’a, a także uczestniczył w dwóch misjach serwisowych tego satelity. To właśnie Discovery wznowił amerykańskie podróże kosmiczne po katastrofie Challengera w roku 1986 (STS-26, 29 września - 4 października 1988 roku, po przerwie trwającej 975 dni) i wahadłowca Columbii w roku 2003 (STS-114, 26 lipca - 9 sierpnia 2005 roku, po przerwie trwającej 905 dni). Odbył trzydzieści dziewięć misji - więcej niż którykolwiek z promów[1].

Nazwa

Nazwę wahadłowca można łączyć z wieloma statkami, które w ciągu stuleci przemierzały morza i oceany. Tak nazywał się statek Henry'ego Hudsona, który na początku XVII w. poszukiwał północnego połączenia Atlantyku z Pacyfikiem. Nazwę Discovery nosił również statek Jamesa Cooka, który dotarł do nieznanych wówczas wysp – Hawajów. Royal Geographical Society nazwało w ten sposób statki, które uczestniczyły w ekspedycjach do biegunów północnego i południowego[1].

Ważniejsze daty

DzieńRokPostęp
29 stycznia1979Zawarcie kontraktu na konstrukcję
27 sierpnia1979Rozpoczęcie budowy modułu załogowego
20 czerwca1980Rozpoczęcie budowy dolnej części kadłuba
10 listopada1980Początek montażu rufowej części kadłuba
8 grudnia1980Początek instalacji systemów w rufowej części kadłuba
2 marca1981Rozpoczęcie budowy i montażu drzwi luku
26 października1981Początek instalacji systemów – moduł załogi
4 stycznia1982Początek instalacji systemów w górnej dziobowej części kadłuba
16 marca1982Środkowa część kadłuba w doku, Palmdale
30 marca1982Lotki w doku, Palmdale
30 kwietnia1982Do Palmdale docierają skrzydła od Grummana
30 kwietnia1982Dziobowa dolna część kadłuba w hangarze
16 lipca1982Dziobowa górna część kadłuba w hangarze
5 sierpnia1982Stabilizator pionowy w hangarze
3 września1982Początek ostatecznego montażu
15 października1982Hamulec aerodynamiczny w hangarze
11 stycznia1983Rufowa część kadłuba w hangarze
25 lutego1983Zakończenie ostatecznego montażu
28 lutego1983Początek wstępnych testów podsystemów
13 maja1983Koniec wstępnych testów podsystemów
26 lipca1983Zakończenie testów podsystemów
12 sierpnia1983Ostateczne zatwierdzenie
16 października1983Wytoczenie z Palmdale
5 listopada1983Transport lądowy z Palmdale do Edwards
9 listopada1983Dostarczenie do Kennedy Space Center
2 czerwca1984Wydanie gotowości do lotu
30 sierpnia1984Pierwszy lot (STS-41-D)

Udoskonalenia

Przy konstrukcji promu Discovery wykorzystano doświadczenia uzyskane przy tworzeniu i testowaniu promów Enterprise, Columbia i Challenger. Już w momencie opuszczenia doku Discovery ważył ponad 3 tony mniej niż Columbia.

Jesienią roku 1995 rozpoczął się dziewięciomiesięczny Okres Serwisowy Orbitera (ang. Orbiter Maintenance Down Period – OMDP). Został on przetransportowany do Palmdale, gdzie został wyposażony w piąty zestaw zbiorników kriogenicznych, a także zewnętrzną śluzę używaną przy połączeniach z Międzynarodową Stacją Kosmiczną. Do Centrum Lotów Kosmicznych im. Johna F. Kennedy'ego powrócił podczepiony do Boeinga 747 w czerwcu 1996.

Po misji STS-105, Discovery został pierwszym orbiterem, który przeszedł zestaw modyfikacji (ang. Orbiter Major Modification – OMM) w Kennedy Space Center. Prace zaczęły się we wrześniu 2002, kiedy oprócz zaplanowanych unowocześnień, dokonano wielu zmian dotyczących bezpieczeństwa w ramach programu Powrót do Lotu.

Misje

Discovery odbył 39 podróży kosmicznych, spędził na orbicie łącznie ponad 365 dni i przeleciał w sumie 238 539 663 km. Na pokładzie przebywało 252 astronautów; liczba misji do stacji kosmicznej Mir: 1, liczba misji do stacji ISS: 13 oraz liczba okrążeń Ziemi: 5830.

Najważniejsze misje:

Lp.LotDzieńRokMisjaUwagi
1.12.30 sierpnia1984STS-41-DWyniesienie satelitów: LEASAT 2, SBS 4, Telstar 302 i ładunku OAST 1
2.14.8 listopada1984STS-51-AWyniesienie dwóch (LEASAT 1, Anik D2) i odzyskanie dwóch satelitów telekomunikacyjnych
3.15.24 stycznia1985STS-51-CWyniesienie satelity Departamentu Obrony Magnum 1 (USA 8)
4.16.12 kwietnia1985STS-51-DWyniesienie dwóch satelitów telekomunikacyjnych: LEASAT 3, Anik C1
5.18.17 czerwca1985STS-51-GWyniesienie satelitów: Morelos 1, Arabsat 1B, Telstar 303, Spartan 1
6.20.27 sierpnia1985STS-51-IWyniesienie satelitów: Aussat K1, ASC 1, LEASAT 4. Odzyskanie LEASAT 3
7.26.29 września1988STS-26Powrót do lotu. Wyniesienie satelity TDRS 3
8.28.13 marca1989STS-29Wyniesienie satelity TDRS 4 i ładunków SHARE i OASIS 1
9.32.22 listopada1989STS-33Wyniesienie satelity Departamentu Obrony Magnum 2 (USA 48)
10.35.24 kwietnia1990STS-31Wyniesienie Teleskopu Kosmicznego Hubble'a
11.36.6 października1990STS-41Wyniesienie Ulyssesa
12.40.28 kwietnia1991STS-39Wyniesienie satelitów Departamentu Obrony: SPAS 2, CRO A, CRO B, CRO C, MPEC, i ładunków: AFP-675, STP 1
13.43.12 września1991STS-48Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS – Satelita Badawczy Górnej Atmosfery)
14.45.22 stycznia1992STS-42Wyniesienie eksperymentów International Microgravity Laboratory 1 (IML-1 – Międzynarodowe Laboratorium Mikrograwitacyjne) i GBA 3
15.52.2 grudnia1992STS-53Wyniesienie satelity Departamentu Obrony QUASAR 3 i ładunków: ODERACS (od A do F)
16.54.8 kwietnia1993STS-56Wyniesienie satelity Spartan 201 i ładunku Atmospheric Laboratory (ATLAS-2- Laboratorium Atmosferyczne, misja 2.)
17.57.12 września1993STS-51Wyniesienie satelitów ACTS i ORFEUS-SPAS
18.60.3 lutego1994STS-60Wyniesienie satelitów ODERACS A, ODERACS B, ODERACS C, ODERACS D, ODERACS E, ODERACS F, BREMSAT i ładunków Spacehab SH-02, Wake Shield Facility, GBA 6
19.64.9 września1994STS-64Wyniesienie satelity Spartan 201 i eksperymentów LITE i GBA 7
20.67.3 lutego1995STS-63Połączenie ze stacją kosmiczną Mir
21.70.13 lipca1995STS-70Siódmy satelita systemu TDRS
22.82.11 lutego1997STS-82Naprawa Teleskopu Hubble'a
23.86.7 sierpnia1997STS-85Cryogenic Infrared Spectrometers and Telescopes (Kriogeniczne Spektrometry Podczerwieni i Teleskopy)
24.91.2 czerwca1998STS-91Ostatnie połączenie promu ze stacją Mir
25.92.29 października1998STS-95Drugi lot Johna Glenna
26.94.27 maja1999STS-96Zapasy dla Międzynarodowej Stacji Kosmicznej
27.96.19 grudnia1999STS-103Naprawa Teleskopu Hubble'a
28.100.11 października2000STS-92Montaż Międzynarodowej Stacji Kosmicznej
29.103.8 marca2001STS-102Wymiana załogi Międzynarodowej Stacji Kosmicznej
30.106.10 sierpnia2001STS-105Wymiana załogi Międzynarodowej Stacji Kosmicznej, dostarczenie zapasów
31.114.26 lipca2005STS-114Powrót do lotu, zapasy dla ISS, testy technik napraw poszycia promu w przestrzeni kosmicznej.
32.115.4 lipca2006STS-121Zaopatrzenie ISS, wymiana załogi, powrót do regularnych lotów
33.117.10 grudnia2006STS-116Zaopatrzenie ISS (zawiera element kratownicowy ITS P5), wymiana załogi
34.120.23 października2007STS-120Rozbudowa ISS : moduł Harmony, wymiana załogi
35.123.31 maja2008STS-124Rozbudowa ISS : moduł JEM PM, wymiana załogi, części do naprawy toalety
36.125.15 marca[2]2009STS-119Rozbudowa ISS: panele słoneczne
37.129.28 sierpnia2009STS-128Zaopatrzenie ISS
38.132.5 kwietnia2010STS-131Zaopatrzenie ISS
39.134.24 lutego2011STS-133Zaopatrzenie ISS; ostatni lot tego wahadłowca
Loga misji wahadłowca Discovery
Space Shuttle Discovery Tribute.jpg
Loga misji wahadłowca Discovery
Sts-41-d-patch.png
Sts-51-a-patch.png
Sts-51-c-patch.png
Sts-51-d-patch.png
Sts-51-g-patch.png
Sts-51-i-patch.png
Sts-26-patch.png
Sts-29-patch.png
STS-41-D
STS-51-A
STS-51-C
STS-51-D
STS-51-G
STS-51-I
STS-26
STS-29
Sts-33-patch.png
Sts31 flight insignia.png
Sts-41-patch.png
Sts-39-patch.png
Sts-48-patch.png
Sts-42-patch.png
STS-53 patch.svg
Sts-56-patch.png
STS-33
STS-31
STS-41
STS-39
STS-48
STS-42
STS-53
STS-56
STS-51 patch.svg
Sts-60-patch.png
Sts-64-patch.png
Sts-63-patch.png
Sts-70-patch.png
Sts-82-patch.png
Sts-85-patch.png
Sts-91-patch.svg
STS-51
STS-60
STS-64
STS-63
STS-70
STS-82
STS-85
STS-91
STS-95 Patch.svg
Sts-96-patch.svg
STS-103 Patch.svg
Sts-92-patch.svg
STS-102 Patch.svg
Sts-105-patch.png
STS-114 patch.svg
STS-121 patch.svg
STS-95
STS-96
STS-103
STS-92
STS-102
STS-105
STS-114
STS-121
Sts-116-patch.png
Sts-120-patch.png
STS-124 patch.svg
STS-119 Patch.svg
STS-128 patch.png
STS-131 patch.png
STS-133 patch.svg
STS-116
STS-120
STS-124
STS-119
STS-128
STS-131
STS-133

Galeria

Zobacz też

Przypisy

  1. a b Robert Godwin: Space Shuttle. Warszawa: Prószyński Media Sp. z o.o., 2011, s. 24-25, seria: Historia podboju Kosmosu. ISBN 978-83-7648-973-5.
  2. Discovery dał radę szczęśliwie wystartować, Dziennik.pl, 16 marca 2009 [zarchiwizowane z adresu 2009-03-16].

Media użyte na tej stronie

Shuttle Patch.svg
SVG version of PNG Space Shuttle Logo/Patch.
Sts-41-d-patch.png
STS-41D Mission Insignia
  • The official mission insignia for the 41-D Space Shuttle flight features the Discovery - NASA's third orbital vehicle - as it makes its maiden voyage. The ghost ship represents the orbiter's namesakes which have figured prominently in the history of exploration. The Space Shuttle Discovery heads for new horizons to extend that proud tradition. Surnames for the crewmembers of NASA's eleventh Space Shuttle mission encircle the red, white, and blue scene.
Sts-29-patch.png
STS-29 Mission Insignia
The STS-29 patch was designed to capture and represent the energy and dynamic nature of this nation's space program as America continues to look to the future. The folded ribbon border, the first of its kind in the Shuttle patch series, gives a sense of three dimensional depth to the emblem. The stylistic orbital maneuvering system (ONS) burn symbolizes the powerful forward momentum of the Shuttle and a continuing determination to explore the frontiers of space. The colors of the U.S. flag are represented in the patch's basic red, white, and blue background. In the border, the seven stars between the STS-29 crew names are a tribute to the crew of Challenger.
Sts-33-patch.png

STS-33 Mission Insignia

This is the crew patch for STS-33, designed by the five crewmembers. It features a stylized falcon soaring into space to represent America's commitment to manned space flight. The crewmembers feel the falcon symbolizes courage, intelligence, tenacity, and love of flight. They intend the orbit around Earth to represent the falcon's lofty domain; however, the bird, with its keen vision and natural curiosity, is depicted looking forward beyond that domain to challenge the edge of the universe. The bold red feathers of the wings drawn from the American flag overlaying the random field of stars illustrate the determination to expand the boundaries of knowledge by American presence in space. The single gold star on a field of blue honors the memory of the late Rear Admiral S. David Griggs, originally assigned to this crew.
Sts-60-patch.png
STS-60 crew patch
  • The design of the crew patch for NASA's STS-60 mission depicts the Space Shuttle Discovery's on-orbit configuration. The American and Russian flags symbolize the partnership of the two countries and their crew members taking flight into space together for the first time. The open payload bay contains: the Space Habitation Module (Spacehab), a commercial space laboratory for life and material science experiments; and a Getaway Special Bridge Assembly in the aft section carrying various experiments, both deployable and attached. A scientific experiment to create and measure an ultra-vacuum environment and perform semiconductor material science – the Wake Shield Facility – is shown on the Remote Manipulator System (RMS) prior to deployment.
Sts-41-patch.png

STS-41 Mission Insignia

The STS-41 crew patch, designed by the five astronaut crewmembers, depicts the Space Shuttle orbiting Earth after deployment of its primary payload -- the Ulysses satellite. The orbiter is shown passing over the southeastern United States, representative of its 28-degree inclination orbit. Ulysses, the Solar Exploration Satellite, as the fastest man-made object in the universe, traveling at 30 miles per second (over 100,000 mph) is represented by the streaking silver teardrop passing over the sun. Ulysses' path is depicted by the bright red spiral originating from the Shuttle cargo bay. The three-legged trajectory, extending out the payload bay, is symbolic of the astronaut logo and is in honor of those who have given their lives in the conquest of space. The five stars, four gold and one silver, represent STS-41 and each of its crewmembers.
STS-114 Space Shuttle Discovery before first launch attempt.jpg
Lights on Launch Pad 39B put Space Shuttle Discovery in the spotlight after the rollback of the Rotating Service Structure. The Space Shuttle sits on the Mobile Launcher Platform (MLP), which is 25 ft. high, 160 ft. long and 135 ft. wide. An MLP weighs 8,230,000 pounds. At the launch pad, with a fueled Shuttle on the 6-inch-thick decks, it weighs approximately12,700,000 pounds. There are three exhaust openings in the main deck of an MLP. Two are for the exhaust of the SRBs at launch and the third, a center opening, is for the exhaust from the main engines.
Sts-116-patch.png
The STS-116 patch design signifies the continuing assembly of the International Space Station (ISS). The primary mission objective is to deliver and install the P5 truss element. The P5 installation will be conducted during the first of three planned spacewalks, and will involve use of both the shuttle and station robotic arms. The remainder of the mission will include a major reconfiguration and activation of the ISS electrical and thermal control systems, as well as delivery of Zvezda Service Module debris panels, which will increase ISS protection from potential impacts of micro-meteorites and orbital debris. In addition, a single expedition crewmember will launch on STS-116 to remain onboard the station, replacing an expedition crewmember that will fly home with the shuttle crew. The crew patch depicts the space shuttle rising above the Earth and ISS. The United States and Swedish flags trail the orbiter, depicting the international composition of the STS-116 crew. The seven stars of the constellation Ursa Major are used to provide direction to the North Star, which is superimposed over the installation location of the P5 truss on ISS. The NASA insignia design for shuttle space flights is reserved for use by the astronauts and other official use as the NASA Administrator may authorize. Public availability has been approved only in the form of illustrations by the various news media. When and if there is any change in this policy, which is not anticipated, such will be publicly announced.
Shuttle Discovery July 25 pre-launch.jpg
Space Shuttle Discovery in full launch configuration is revealed after the Rotating Service Structure (RSS) is rotated back at Launch Pad 39B at Kennedy Space Center.
STS-53 patch.svg
Emblem of Nasa's STS-53 mission
  • Designed by the crewmembers, the STS-53 insignia shows the Space Shuttle Discovery rising to new achievements as it trails the symbol of the Astronaut Office against a backdrop of the American flag. The five stars and three stripes also serve to symbolize the mission designation (STS-53) and America's continuing commitment to world leadership in space. The pentagonal shape of the patch represents the Department of Defense (DOD) and its support of the Space Shuttle Program. The band delineating the flag from space includes the four colors of the military services of the crewmembers. The names of the flight crewmembers are located along the border of the patch. They are Commander David M. Walker, Pilot Robert D. Cabana, Mission Specialist (MS) Guion S. Bluford, MS James S. Voss, and MS Michael R. U. Clifford. Each crewmember contributed to the design of the insignia.
Sts-51-g-patch.png
Shuttle mission 51-G patch
  • The STS-51G insignia illustrates the advances in aviation technology in the United States within a relatively short span of the twentieth century. The surnames of the crewmembers for the Discovery's mission appear near the center edge of the circular design.
STS-114 Discovery back at KSC.jpg
  • Discovery back at Kennedy Space Center after STS-114 mission (Aug 22, 2005)
  • original description: Discovery is towed into the Orbiter Processing Facility bay 3. Discovery was returned to NASA Kennedy Space Center on a ferry flight atop the Shuttle Carrier Aircraft (SCA) from Edwards Air Force Base in California, arriving Aug. 21. Discovery will be towed to the Orbiter Processing Facility where the Multi-Purpose Logistics Module Raffaello still inside will be removed from the payload bay and transferred to the Space Station Processing Facility. The orbiter will then begin processing for the second Return to Flight mission, STS-121, scheduled for launch no earlier than March 2006.
Sts-85-patch.png
The mission patch for STS-85 is designed to reflect the broad range of science and engineering payloads on the flight. The primary objectives of the mission were to measure chemical constituents in Earth's atmosphere with a free-flying satellite and to flight-test a new Japanese robotic arm designed for use on the International Space Station (ISS). STS-85 was the second flight of the satellite known as Cryogenic Infrared Spectrometers and Telescopes for the Atmosphere-Shuttle Pallet Satellite-2 CRISTA-SPAS-02. CRISTA, depicted on the right side of the patch pointing its trio of infrared telescopes at Earth's atmosphere, stands for Cryogenic Infrared Spectrometers and Telescopes for the Atmosphere. The high inclination orbit is shown as a yellow band over Earth's northern latitudes. In the Space Shuttle Discovery's open payload bay an enlarged version of the Japanese National Space Development Agency's (NASDA) Manipulator Flight Demonstration (MFD) robotic arm is shown. Also shown in the payload bay are two sets of multi-science experiments: the International Extreme Ultraviolet Hitchhiker (IEH-02) nearest the tail and the Technology Applications and Science (TAS-01) payload. Jupiter and three stars are shown to represent sources of ultraviolet energy in the universe. Comet Hale-Bopp, which was visible from Earth during the mission, is depicted at upper right. The left side of the patch symbolizes daytime operations over the Northern Hemisphere of Earth and the solar science objectives of several of the payloads.
Sts-70-patch.png
STS-70 Mission Insignia
The STS-70 crew patch depicts the Space Shuttle Discovery orbiting Earth in the vast blackness of space. The primary mission of deploying a NASA Tracking and Data Relay Satellite (TDRS) is depicted by three gold stars. They represent the triad composed of spacecraft transmitting data to Earth through the TDRS system. The stylized red, white, and blue ribbon represents the American goal of linking space exploration to the advancement of all humankind.
Sts-105-patch.png
The STS-105 crew patch symbolizes the exchange of the Expedition Two and Expedition Three crews aboard the International Space Station. The three gold stars near the ascending Orbiter represent the U.S. commanded Expedition Three crew as they journey into space, while the two gold stars near the descending Orbiter represent the Russian commanded Expedition Two crew and their return to Earth. The plumes of each Orbiter represent the flags of the United States and Russia and symbolize the close cooperation between the two countries. The Astronaut Office symbol, a star with three rays of light, depicts the unbroken link between Earth and the newest and brightest star on the horizon, the International Space Station (ISS). The ascending and descending Orbiters form a circle that represents both the crew rotation and the continuous presence in space aboard the ISS. The names of the four astronauts who will crew Discovery are shown along the border of the patch. The names of the Expedition Three and Expedition Two crews are shown on the chevron at the bottom of the patch. The NASA insignia design for Shuttle flights is reserved for use by the astronauts and for other official use as the NASA Administrator may authorize. Public availability has been approved only in the form of illustrations by the various news media. When and if there is any change in this policy, which we do not anticipate, it will be publicly announced.
Discovery shuttle 01.jpg
The drag chute for Space Shuttle Discovery is deployed on the Shuttle Landing Facility, marking the end to the eight-day STS-60 mission. Landing occurred at 2:19:22 p.m. (035); The main landing gear on the Space Shuttle Discovery touches down on the Shuttle Landing Facility (036); The main landing gear on the Space Shuttle Discovery is about to touch down on the Shuttle Landing Facility. Note the Shuttle Training Aircraft (STA) monitoring the landing phase of the mission (037).
ISS configuration 2021-07 en.svg
Configuration of the International Space Station as of 29 July 2021 when Nauka was attached.
Sts-42-patch.png

STS-42 Mission Insignia

Designed by the crewmembers, the STS- 42 Intemational Microgravity Lab- 1 insignia depicts the orbiter with the Spacelab module aboard. The spacecraft is oriented in a quiescent, tail-to-Earth, gravity-gradient attitude to best support the various microgravity payloads and experiments. The international composition of the crew is depicted by symbols representing Canada and the European Space Agency. The number 42 is represented by six white stars --- four on one side of the orbiter and two on the other. The single gold star above Earth's horizon honors the memory of astronaut Manley L. (Sonny) Carter, who was killed earlier this year in a commuter plane crash. A crew spokesperson stated that Carter ...was our crewmate, colleague and friend. Blue letters set against white give the surnames of the five astronauts and two payload specialists for the flight.
Sts-56-patch.png

STS-56 Mission Insignia

The STS-56 patch is a pictorial representation of the STS56/ATLAS-2 mission as seen from the crew's viewpoint. The payload bay is depicted with the ATLAS-2 pallet, Shuttle Solar Backscatter Ultra Violet (SSBUV) experiment, and Spartan -- the two primary scientific payloads on the flight. With ATLAS-2 serving as part of the Mission to Planet Earth project, the crew has depicted the planet prominently in the artwork. Two primary areas of study are the atmosphere and the sun. To highlight this, Earth's atmosphere is depicted as a stylized visible spectrum and the sunrise is represented with an enlarged two-colored corona. Surnames of the commander and pilot are inscribed in the Earth field, with the surnames of the mission specialists appearing in the space background.
Sts-63-patch.png

STS-63 Mission Insignia

Designed by the crew members, the STS-63 crew patch depicts the orbiter maneuvering to rendezvous with Russia's Space Station Mir. The name is printed in Cyrillic on the side of the station. Visible in the Orbiter's payload bay are the commercial space laboratory Spacehab and the Shuttle Pointed Autonomous Research Tool for Astronomy (SPARTAN) satellite which are major payloads on the flight. The six points on the rising sun and the three stars are symbolic of the mission's Space Transportation System (STS) numerical designation. Flags of the United States and Russia at the bottom of the patch symbolize the cooperative operations of this mission.
Space Shuttle Discovery Tribute.jpg
This is a printable version of space shuttle Discovery's orbiter tribute, or OV-103, which hangs in Firing Room 4 of the Launch Control Center at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida. Discovery's accomplishments include the first female shuttle pilot, Eileen Collins, on STS-63, John Glenn's legendary return to space on STS-95, and the celebration of the 100th shuttle mission with STS-92. In addition, Discovery supported a number of Department of Defense programs, satellite deploy and repair missions and 13 International Space Station construction and operation flights. The tribute features Discovery demonstrating the rendezvous pitch maneuver on approach to the International Space Station during STS-114. Having accumulated the most space shuttle flights, Discovery's 39 mission patches are shown circling the spacecraft. The background image was taken from the Hubble Space Telescope, which launched aboard Discovery on STS-31 and serviced by Discovery on STS-82 and STS-103. The American flag and bald eagle represent Discovery's two Return to Flight missions -- STS-26 and STS-114 -- and symbolize Discovery's role in returning American astronauts to space. Five orbiter tributes are on display in the firing room, representing Atlantis, Challenger, Columbia, Endeavour and Discovery.
Discovery orbits earth.jpg
Discovery's cargo bay over Earth's horizon was photographed by one of the seven STS-114 crew members as the Shuttle approached the International Space Station.
STS-95 Patch.svg
The STS-95 patch, designed by the crew, is intended to reflect the scientific, engineering, and historic elements of the mission. The Space Shuttle Discovery is shown rising over the sunlit Earth limb, representing the global benefits of the mission science and the solar science objectives of the Spartan Satellite. The bold number '7' signifies the seven members of Discovery's crew and also represents a historical link to the original seven Mercury astronauts. The STS-95 crew member John Glenn's first orbital flight is represnted by the Friendship 7 capsule. The rocket plumes symbolize the three major fields of science represented by the mission payloads: microgravity material science, medical research for humans on Earth and in space, and astronomy.
Sts-64-patch.png

STS-64 Mission Insignia

The STS-64 patch depicts the Space Shuttle Discovery in a payload-bay-to-Earth attitude with its primary payload, Lidar In-Space Technology Experiment (LITE-1) operating in support of Mission to Planet Earth. LITE-1 is a lidar system that uses a three-wavelength laser, symbolized by the three gold rays emanating from the star in the payload bay that form part of the astronaut symbol. The major objective of the LITE-1 is to gather data about the Earth's troposphere and stratosphere, represented by the clouds and dual-colored Earth limb. A secondary payload on STS-64 is the free-flier SPARTAN 201 satellite shown on the Remote Manipulator System (RMS) arm post-retrieval. The RMS also operated another payload, Shuttle Plume Impingement Flight Experiment (SPIFEX). A newly tested extravehicular activity (EVA) maneuvering device, Simplified Aid for EVA Rescue (SAFER), represented symbolically by the two small nozzles on the backpacks of the two untethered EVA crew men. The names of the crew members encircle the patch: Astronauts Richard N. Richards, L. Blaine Hammond, Jr., Jerry M. Linenger, Susan J. Helms, Carl J. Meade and Mark C. Lee. The gold or silver stars by each name represent that person's parent service.
Sts-82-patch.png
STS-82 Mission Insignia
  • STS-82 is the second mission to service the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). The central feature of the patch is HST as the crew members will see it through Discovery's overhead windows when the orbiter approaches for rendezvous, retrieval and a subsequent series of spacewalks to perform servicing tasks. The telescope is pointing toward deep space, observing the cosmos. The spiral galaxy symbolizes one of HST's important scientific missions, to accurately determine the cosmic distance scale. To the right of the telescope is a cross-like structure known as a gravitational lens, one of the numerous fundamental discoveries made using HST Imagery. The names of the STS-82 crew members are arranged around the perimeter of the patch with the extravehicular activity's (EVA) participating crew members placed in the upper semicircle and the orbiter crew in the lower one.
Sts-92-patch.svg
Designed by the crew members, the STS-92 patch symbolizes the second mission to carry U.S.-built elements to the International Space Station (ISS) for assembly. The black silhouette of the Space Shuttle Discovery stands out against the deep blue background of space in low Earth orbit. In the foreground in gray is a profile view of the ISS as it appears when the shuttle and crew arrive, with the station consisting of the Unity node, its two pressurized mating adapters (PMA), the Zarya functional cargo block, the Zvezda service module, and the Progress cargo vehicle.
Following the shuttle's rendezvous and docking, the ISS configuration will be augmented by the two elements delivered by Discovery–the Z1 truss and PMA-3. These two elements, depicted in red, will be installed using the shuttle's robot arm and be connected to ISS during four spacewalks. The multi-national nature of both the STS-92 crew and the ISS are reflected in the multi-colored Astronaut Office symbol.
Sts-96-patch.svg
Designed by the crew members, this is the mission insignia for the STS-96 space flight, the second Space Shuttle mission dedicated to the assembly of the International Space Station (ISS). The crew patch highlights the major themes of the Station Program: Earth-directed research, the advancement of human space exploration, and international cooperation. The Space Shuttle Discovery is depicted shortly after reaching orbit as the crew prepares to carry out the first docking with the new Station. At this early stage in its construction, ISS consists of two modules: Zarya and Unity, shown orbiting Earth. The triangular shape of the patch represents building on the knowledge and experience of earlier missions, while the three vertical bars of the astronaut emblem point toward future human endeavors in space. The five-pointed star that tops the astronaut emblem in this depiction is symbolic of the five space agencies participating in the development of ISS: NASA, the Russian Space Agency, the European Space Agency, the National Space Development Agency of Japan, and the Canadian Space Agency. The blend of red, white, and blue is a tribute to the nationalities of the crew members who are from the United States, Canada, and Russia.
STS-114 patch.svg
Emblem of Nasa's STS-114 mission.
  • The STS-114 patch design signifies the return of the Space Shuttle to flight and honors the memory of the STS-107 Columbia crew. The blue Shuttle rising above Earth’s horizon includes the Columba constellation of seven stars, echoing the STS-107 patch and commemorating the seven members of that mission. The crew of STS-114 will carry the memory of their friends on Columbia and the legacy of their mission back into Earth orbit. The dominant design element of the STS-114 patch is the planet Earth, which represents the unity and dedication of the many people whose efforts allow the Shuttle to safely return to flight. Against the background of the Earth at night, the blue orbit represents the International Space Station (ISS), with the EVA crewmembers named on the orbit. The red sun on the orbit signifies the contributions of the Japanese Space Agency to the mission and to the ISS program. The multi-colored Shuttle plume represents the broad spectrum of challenges for this mission, including Shuttle inspection and repair experiments, and International Space Station re-supply and repair.
STS-51 patch.svg
Emblem of Nasa's STS-51 mission.
Space Shuttle na torre.jpg
Space Shuttle Discovery sits atop a mobile launcher platform at Launch Complex 39A, Kennedy Space Center, on April 27, 1998, ready to launch for STS-91.
Sts31 flight insignia.png
STS-31 shuttle mission flight insignia. The mission insignia for NASA's STS-31 mission features the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) in its observing configuration against a background of the universe it will study. The cosmos includes a stylistic depiction of galaxies in recognition of the contribution made by Sir Edwin Hubble to our understanding of the nature of galaxies and the expansion of the universe. The STS-31 crew points out that is it in honor of Hubble's work that this great observatory in space bears his name. The depicted Space Shuttle trails a spectrum symbolic of both the red shift observations that were so important to Hubble's work and new information which will be obtained with the HST. Encircling the art work, designed by the crew, are the names of its members.
STS-133 patch.svg
The STS-133 mission patch is based upon sketches from the late artist Robert McCall; they were the final creations of his long and prodigious career. In the foreground, a solitary orbiter ascends into a dark blue sky above a roiling fiery plume. A spray of stars surrounds the orbiter and a top lit crescent forms the background behind the ascent. The mission number, STS-133, is emblazoned on the patch center, and crewmembers' names are listed on a sky-blue border around the scene. The Shuttle Discovery is depicted ascending on a plume of flame as if it is just beginning a mission. However it is just the orbiter, without boosters or an external tank, as it would be at mission's end. This is to signify Discovery's completion of its operational life and the beginning of its new role as a symbol of NASA's and the nation's proud legacy in human spaceflight.
Sts-39-patch.png

STS-39 Mission Insignia

The arrowhead shape of the STS-39 crew patch represents a skyward aim to learn more about our planet's atmosphere and space environment in support of the Department of Defense. Our national symbol is represented by the star constellation Aguila (the eagle) as its brightest star, Altair, lifts a protective canopy above Earth. The Space Shuttle encircles the spectrum which represents x-ray, ultraviolet, visible and infrared electromagnetic radiation to be measured by a variety of scientific instruments.
STS-102 Patch.svg
The STS-102 crew insignia depicts the International Space Station as it looked when Space Shuttle Discovery was docked. Visible elements include the P6 and Z1 trusses, solar arrays from the Russian segment, 2 Pressurized Mating Adapters, and the Multi Purpose Logistics Module that was temporarily attached to the underside of the Unity Node. The numbers "102" represent the mission tail number. The red, white, and blue ribbons surrounding the space station represent that this is a crew rotation flight. The colors represent the nationalities of the crewmembers (Russian and American). Underneath the ribbons are the flags of the three nations who are the major contributors to the mission (from left to right: Russia, United States, Italy). The names of the 4 permanent crewmembers are displayed in gold around the top of the emblem. Attached to the bottom are six names depicting the six rotating crewmembers (Expedition 2 on top and Expedition 1 on bottom).
STS-121 patch.svg
The STS-121 patch depicts the Space Shuttle docked with the International Space Station (ISS) in the foreground, overlaying the astronaut symbol with three gold columns and a gold star. The ISS is shown in the configuration that it will be in during the STS-121 mission. The background shows the nighttime Earth with a dawn breaking over the horizon. STS-121, ISS mission ULF1.1, is the final Shuttle Return to Flight test mission. This utilization and logistics flight will bring a multipurpose logistics module (MPLM) to the ISS with several thousand pounds of new supplies and experiments. In addition, some new orbital replacement units (ORUs) will be delivered and stowed externally on ISS on a special pallet. These ORUs are spares for critical machinery located on the outside of the ISS. During this mission the crew will also carry out testing of Shuttle inspection and repair hardware, as well as evaluate operational techniques and concepts for conducting on-orbit inspection and repair.
STS-128 patch.png
The STS-128 patch symbolizes the 17A mission and represents the hardware, people and partner nations that contribute to the flight. The Space Shuttle Discovery is shown in the orbit configuration with the Multi Purpose Logistics Module (MPLM) Leonardo in the payload bay. Earth and the International Space Station wrap around the Astronaut Office symbol reminding us of the continuous human presence in space. The names of the STS-128 crew members border the patch in an unfurled manner. Included in the names is the expedition crew member who will launch on STS-128 and remain on board ISS, replacing another Expedition crew member who will return home with STS-128. The banner also completes the Astronaut Office symbol and contains the U.S. and Swedish flags representing the countries of the STS-128 crew.
STS-124 patch.svg
Emblem of Nasa's STS-124 mission.
  • The STS-124/1J patch depicts the Space Shuttle Discovery docked with the International Space Station (ISS). STS-124/1J is dedicated to delivering and installing the Japanese Experiment Module (JEM) known as Kibo (Hope) to the ISS. The significance of the mission and the Japanese contribution to the ISS is recognized by the Japanese flag depicted on the JEM Pressurized Module (JPM) and the word Kibo written in Japanese at the bottom of the patch. The view of the sun shining down upon the Earth represents the increased "hope" that the entire world will benefit from the JEM's scientific discoveries. The JPM will be the largest habitable module on the ISS and is equipped with its own airlock and robotic arm for external experiments. In addition to delivering and installing the JPM, the STS-124 crew will relocate the JEM Logistics Pressurized (JLP) module to its permanent home on the zenith side of the JPM. During three planned space walks, the crew will perform external ISS maintenance and JPM outfitting, as well as extensive robotic operations by the ISS, space shuttle, and JEM robotic arms. It will be the first time that three different robotic arms will be operated during a single space flight mission.
STS-119 Patch.svg
The shape of the STS-119/15A patch comes from the shape of a solar array viewed at an angle. The International Space Station (ISS), which is the destination of the mission, is placed accordingly in the center of the patch just below the gold astronaut symbol. The gold solar array of the ISS highlights the main cargo and task of STS-119/15A -- the installation of the S6 truss segment and deployment of S6's solar arrays, the last to be delivered to the ISS. The surnames of the crew members are denoted on the outer band of the patch. The 17 white stars on the patch represent, in the crew's words, "the enormous sacrifice the crews of Apollo 1, Challenger, and Columbia have given to our space program." The U.S. flag flowing into the space shuttle signifies the support the people of the United States have given our space program over the years, along with pride the U.S. astronauts have in representing the United States on this mission.
STS-131 patch.png
The STS-131/19A crew patch highlights the Space Shuttle in the Rendezvous Pitch Maneuver (RPM). This maneuver is heavily photographed by the International Space Station (ISS) astronauts, and the photos are analyzed back on earth to clear the Space Shuttle's thermal protection system for re-entry. The RPM illustrates the teamwork and safety process behind each Space Shuttle launch. In the Space Shuttle's cargo bay is the Multi-Purpose Logistics Module (MPLM), Leonardo, which is carrying several science racks, the last of the four crew quarters, and supplies for the ISS. Out of view and directly behind the MPLM, is the Ammonia Tank Assembly (ATA) that will be used to replace the current ATA. This will take place during three Extra Vehicular Activities (EVAs). The 51.6° Space Shuttle orbit is illustrated by the three gold bars of the astronaut symbol, and its elliptical wreath contains the orbit of the ISS. The star atop the astronaut symbol is the dawning sun, which is spreading its early light across the Earth. The background star field contains seven stars, one for each crewmember; they are proud to represent the United States and Japan during this mission.
STS-103 Patch.svg
Designed by the crewmembers, the STS-103 emblem depicts the Space Shuttle Discovery approaching the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) prior to its capture and berthing. The purpose of the mission is to remove and replace some of the Telescope's older and out-of-date systems with newer, more reliable and more capable ones, and to make repairs to HST's exterior thermal insulation that has been damaged by more than nine years of exposure to the space environment. The horizontal and vertical lines centered on the Telescope symbolize the ability to reach and maintain a desired attitude in space, essential to the instrument's scientific operation. The preservation of this ability is one of the primary objectives of the mission. After the flight, the Telescope will resume its successful exploration of deep space and will continue to be used to study solar system objects, stars in the making, late phases of stellar evolution, galaxies and the early history of the universe. HST, as represented on this emblem was inspired by views from previous servicing missions, with its solar arrays illuminated by the Sun, providing a striking contrast with the blackness of space and the night side of Earth.
  • The NASA insignia design for Shuttle flights is reserved for use by the astronauts and for other official use as the NASA Administrator may authorize. Public availability has been approved only in the form of illustrations by the various news media. When and if there is any change in this policy, which is not anticipated, it will be publicly announced.
STS-114 Space Shuttle Discovery launches.jpg
Discovery and its seven-member crew launched at 10:39 a.m. EDT to begin the two-day journey to the International Space Station. Discovery is slated to dock with the ISS at 7:18 a.m. EDT Thursday.
Sts-120-patch.png
STS120-S-001 (February 2007) --- The STS-120 patch reflects the role of the mission in the future of the space program. The shuttle payload bay carries Node 2, the doorway to the future international laboratory elements on the International Space Station. On the left the star represents the International Space Station; the red colored points represent the current location of the P6 solar array, furled and awaiting relocation when the crew arrives. During the mission, the crew will move P6 to its final home at the end of the port truss. The gold points represent the P6 solar array in its new location, unfurled and producing power for science and life support. On the right, the moon and Mars can be seen representing the future of NASA. The constellation Orion rises in the background, symbolizing NASA's new exploration vehicle. Through all, the shuttle rises up and away, leading the way to the future. The NASA insignia design for Shuttle flights is reserved for use by the astronauts and for other official use as the NASA Administrator may authorize. Public availability has been approved only in the form of illustrations by the various news media. When and if there is any change in this policy, which is not anticipated, it will be publicly announced.
SCA and Discovery after return to flight, 2005.jpg
The Space Shuttle Discovery hitched a ride on NASA's modified Boeing 747 Shuttle Carrier Aircraft for the flight from the Dryden Flight Research Center in California, to Kennedy Space Center, Florida, on August 19, 2005. The cross-country ferry flight to return Discovery to Florida after its landing in California will take two days, with stops at several intermediate points for refueling. Space Shuttle Discovery landed safely at NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center at Edwards Air Force Base in California at 5:11:22 a.m. PDT, August 9, 2005, following the very successful 14-day STS-114 return to flight mission.
Sts-26-patch.png
The predominant themes are: a new beginning (sunrise), a safe mission (stylized launch and plume), the building upon the traditional strengths of NASA (the red vector which symbolizes aeronautics on the original NASA insignia), and a remembrance of their seven colleagues who died aboard Challenger (the seven-starred Big Dipper). The patch was designed by artist Stephen R. Hustvedt of Annapolis, MD.
Sts-51-c-patch.png
The crew insignia for STS Flight 51-C includes the names of its five crewmembers. The STS 51-C mission marked the third trip of the Space Shuttle Discovery into space. It was the first Space Shuttle mission totally dedicated to the Department of Defense. The U. S. Air Force Inertial Upper Stage Booster Rocket was successfully deployed. Due to the nature of the mission, few additional details of the flight were made available. Landing was made at the Kennedy Space Center, FL on January 27 at 4:23 PM EST. Mission duration was three days, one hour and 33 minutes.
NASA Space Shuttle Discovery STS-92.jpg
The drag chute on the Space Shuttle Discovery is deployed as the vehicle rolls toward mission completion at Edwards Air Force Base in the Mojave Desert of California. Onboard were astronauts Brian Duffy, Pamela A. Melroy, Leroy Chiao, William S. McArthur, Jr., Peter J.K. (Jeff) Wisoff, Michael E. Lopez-Alegria, and Koichi Wakata of Japan's National Space Development Agency (NASDA). Discovery touched down at 2 p.m. (PDT), October 24, and rolled to a stop on Edward's concrete runway at 2:0l, for a mission elapsed time of 12 days, 21 hours and 43 minutes.
STS-114 Space Shuttle Discovery lifts off.jpg
Framed by Florida greenery, Space Shuttle Discovery lifts off Launch Pad 39B at 10:39 a.m. EDT on the historic Return to Flight mission STS-114. On this mission to the International Space Station, the crew will perform inspections on-orbit for the first time of all of the Reinforced Carbon-Carbon panels on the leading edge of the wings and the Thermal Protection System tiles using the new Canadian-built Orbiter Boom Sensor System and the data from 176 impact and temperature sensors. Mission Specialists will also practice repair techniques on RCC and tile samples during a spacewalk in the payload bay. During two additional spacewalks, the crew will install the External Stowage Platform-2, equipped with spare part assemblies, and a replacement Control Moment Gyroscope contained in the Lightweight Multi-Purpose Experiment Support Structure.
Discovery mission completed q.jpg
Discovery safe back at landing strip. Cropped and other Orientation.
Sts-51-a-patch.png
STS-51A Mission Insignia
  • The Space Shuttle Discovery en route to Earth orbit for NASA's 51-A mission is reminiscent of a soaring Eagle. The red and white trailing stripes and the blue background, along with the presence of the Eagle, generate memories of America's 208 year-old history and traditions. The two satellites orbiting the Earth backgrounded amidst a celestial scene are a universal representation of the versatility of the Space Shuttle. White lettering against the blue border lists the surnames of the five-member crew.
Sts-91-patch.svg
This is the crew patch for the STS-91 mission – the ninth flight of the Shuttle-Mir Phase One docking missions. The crew will bring back Andrew S. W. Thomas, the last long-duration American crew member flown on the Russian Space Station Mir. This mission marks the end of the Shuttle-Mir Phase One Program and will open the way for Phase Two: construction of the International Space Station (ISS).

The crew patch depicts the rendezvous of the Space Shuttle Discovery with the Space Station Mir. The flags of the United States and Russia are displayed at the top of the patch and both countries are visible on the Earth behind the two spacecraft. The names of the American crew members surround the insignia on the outer areas, with the name of cosmonaut Valeriy Ryumin in Cyrillic at the lower right.

The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) is an international payload planned to fly in the payload bay of Discovery. Two thin golden streams flowing into the AMS represent charged elementary particles. The detection of antimatter in space will help scientists better understand the physics and origins of the universe.
Sts-48-patch.png

STS-48 Mission Insignia

  • Designed by the astronaut crewmembers, the STS 48 patch represents the Space Shuttle Orbiter Discovery in orbit about the Earth after deploying the Upper Atmospheric Research Satellite (UARS) depicted in block letter style. The stars are those in the Northern Hemisphere as seen in the fall and winter when UARS will begin its study of Earth's atmosphere. The color bands on Earth's horizon, extending up to the UARS spacecraft, depict the study of Earth's atmosphere. The triangular shape represents the relationship among the three atmospheric processes that determine upper atmospheric structure and behavior: chemistry, dynamics and energy. In the words of the crewmembers, This continuous process brings life to our planet and makes our planet unique in the solar system."