Elmo Zumwalt
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 admirał | |
| Data i miejsce urodzenia | |
|---|---|
| Data i miejsce śmierci | |
| Przebieg służby | |
| Lata służby | 1939–1974 |
| Siły zbrojne | |
| Stanowiska | Szef Operacji Morskich, Commander Naval Forces, Chief of the Naval Advisory Group |
| Główne wojny i bitwy | |
| Odznaczenia | |
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Elmo Russell Zumwalt, Jr. (ur. 29 listopada 1920 w San Francisco w stanie Kalifornia, zm. 2 stycznia 2000 w Durham w stanie Karolina Północna) – amerykański dowódca wojskowy, admirał United States Navy, Chief of Naval Operations (1970–1974).
Jako dowódca Marynarki Wojennej Stanów Zjednoczonych (ang. Chief of Naval Operations) zreformował Marynarkę poprawiając, między innymi, warunki bytowe załóg oraz likwidując przejawy dyskryminacji rasowej. W uznaniu jego zasług dla Stanów Zjednoczonych oraz US Navy w szczególności, na cześć admirała nazwano pierwszy niszczyciel rakietowy typu Zumwalt, a ślad za tym, cały typ okrętów.
Od 14 kwietnia 1970 do 1 lipca 1974 był najmłodszym w historii dowódcą Marynarki Wojennej Stanów Zjednoczonych.
Elmo Zumwalt został wyróżniony najwyższymi amerykańskimi i zagranicznymi medalami i odznaczeniami za służbę wojskową w szczególności w trakcie wojny wietnamskiej.
Odznaczenia
- Navy Distinguished Service Medal
- Legia Zasługi
- Brązowa Gwiazda (Bronze Star)
- Navy Commendation Medal
- Navy Unit Commendation
- China Service Medal
- American Defense Service Medal
- American Campaign Medal
- Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal
- Medal Zwycięstwa II Wojny Światowej (World War II Victory Medal)
- Wojskowy Medal Okupacyjny (Army Occupation Medal)
- National Defense Service Medal
- Korean Service Medal
- Vietnam Service Medal
- Prezydencki Medal Wolności
- Wielki Oficer Orderu Maja za Zasługi Marynarskie (Argentyna)
- Komandor Orderu Leopolda (Belgia)
- Order Zasługi dla Marynarki Wojennej (Boliwia)
- Krzyż Wielki Orderu Krzyża Południa (Brazylia)
- Wielki Oficer Orderu Zasługi dla Marynarki Wojennej (Brazylia)
- Krzyż Wielki ze Srebrną Gwiazdą Orderu Zasługi Duarte, Sáncheza i Melli (Dominikana)
- Presidential Unit Citation (Filipiny)
- Philippine Liberation Medal (Filipiny)
- Komandor Legii Honorowej (Francja)
- Krzyż Wielki Orderu Jerzego I (Grecja)
- Wielki Oficer Orderu Oranje-Nassau (Holandia)
- Gwiazda Marynarki Wojennej I klasy (Indonezja)
- Wielka Wstęga Orderu Wschodzącego Słońca (Japonia)
- Wielki Oficer Orderu Zasługi dla Marynarki Wojennej im Admirała Padilli (Kolumbia)
- Order of Military Merit (Korea)
- Presidential Unit Citation (Korea)
- Order of National Security Merit, Tong-Il Medal (Korea)
- Wielki Krzyż Zasługi z Gwiazdą i Wstęgą Orderu Zasługi Republiki Federalnej Niemiec (Niemcy)
- Krzyż Wielki Orderu Świętego Olafa (Norwegia)
- Komandor Krzyża Wielkiego Królewskiego Orderu Miecza (Szwecja)
- Order Zasługi dla Marynarki Wojennej I klasy (Wenezuela)
- National Order of Vietnam (Wietnam)
- Navy Distinguished Service Order I klasy (Wietnam)
- Gallantry Cross Unit Citation z palmą (Wietnam)
- Gallantry Cross z palmą (Wietnam)
- Medal "Za kampanię w Wietnamie" (Vietnam Campaign Medal, Wietnam)
- Civil Actions Medal (Wietnam)
- Kawaler Krzyża Wielkiego Orderu Zasługi Republiki Włoskiej (Włochy)
- United Nations Korea Medal (ONZ)
Bibliografia
- US Navy: Admiral Elmo Russell Zumwalt, Jr., USN (ang.)
- Find a Grave – Elmo Russell Zumwalt Jr (ang.)
- Naval Institute – Zumwalt, Elmo R., Jr. (1920-2000). Admiral, U.S. Navy (Retired) (ang.)
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- Chief of Naval Operations
Media użyte na tej stronie
Seal of the United States Department of the Navy.svg
*Description: On a circular background of fair sky and moderate sea with land in sinister base, a tri-mast square rigged ship under way before a fair breeze with after top-sail furled, commission pennant atop the foremast, National Ensign atop the main, and the commodore's flag atop the mizzen. In front of the ship a luce-type anchor inclined slightly bendwise with the crown resting on the land and, in front of the shank and in back of the dexter fluke, an American bald eagle rising to sinister regarding to dexter, one foot on the ground, the other resting on the anchor near the shank; all in proper colors. The whole within a blue annulet bearing the inscription "Department of the Navy" at the top and "United States of America" at the bottom, separated on each side by a mullet and within a rim in the form of a rope; inscription, rope, mullet, and edges of annulet all gold. *Background: The policy for use of the Navy seal and emblem is contained in SECNAV Instr 5030.4 and SECNAV Instr 5030.6. The seal design was approved by the President of the United States by Executive Order 10736 dated October 23, 1957. Request for use of the Navy emblem should be submitted in writing to Defense Printing Service, ATTN: DPSMO, 8725 John Kingman Rd Suite 3239, Fort Belvoir, VA 22060-6220. The telephone number is (703) 767-4218. 1879 version here: http://etc.usf.edu/clipart/54900/54985/54985_seal_navy.htm
*Description: On a circular background of fair sky and moderate sea with land in sinister base, a tri-mast square rigged ship under way before a fair breeze with after top-sail furled, commission pennant atop the foremast, National Ensign atop the main, and the commodore's flag atop the mizzen. In front of the ship a luce-type anchor inclined slightly bendwise with the crown resting on the land and, in front of the shank and in back of the dexter fluke, an American bald eagle rising to sinister regarding to dexter, one foot on the ground, the other resting on the anchor near the shank; all in proper colors. The whole within a blue annulet bearing the inscription "Department of the Navy" at the top and "United States of America" at the bottom, separated on each side by a mullet and within a rim in the form of a rope; inscription, rope, mullet, and edges of annulet all gold. *Background: The policy for use of the Navy seal and emblem is contained in SECNAV Instr 5030.4 and SECNAV Instr 5030.6. The seal design was approved by the President of the United States by Executive Order 10736 dated October 23, 1957. Request for use of the Navy emblem should be submitted in writing to Defense Printing Service, ATTN: DPSMO, 8725 John Kingman Rd Suite 3239, Fort Belvoir, VA 22060-6220. The telephone number is (703) 767-4218. 1879 version here: http://etc.usf.edu/clipart/54900/54985/54985_seal_navy.htm
Award-star-gold-3d.png
Autor: Lestatdelc, Licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0
Illustration of a gold Award star ribbon device for military decorations
Autor: Lestatdelc, Licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0
Illustration of a gold Award star ribbon device for military decorations
Bronze Star BAR.svg
Ribbon bar: Bronze Star
Ribbon bar: Bronze Star
Presidential Medal of Freedom (ribbon).svg
Autor: SaluteVII, Licencja: CC BY-SA 4.0
Presidential Medal of Freedom (ribbon)
Autor: SaluteVII, Licencja: CC BY-SA 4.0
Presidential Medal of Freedom (ribbon)
GER Bundesverdienstkreuz 6 GrVK Stern Band.svg
Baretka: Order Zasługi RFN – Wielki Krzyż Zasługi z Gwiazdą i Wstęgą.
Baretka: Order Zasługi RFN – Wielki Krzyż Zasługi z Gwiazdą i Wstęgą.
.svg)
Order of Naval Merit (Bolivia) - ribbon bar.png
Autor: McOleo, Licencja: CC BY 3.0
Ribbon bar of the Order of Naval Merit (Bolivia)
Autor: McOleo, Licencja: CC BY 3.0
Ribbon bar of the Order of Naval Merit (Bolivia)
Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal ribbon.svg
Ribbon for the Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal awarded by the United States Department of Defense.
Ribbon for the Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal awarded by the United States Department of Defense.
Cordone di gran Croce OMRI BAR.svg
Ribbon of a Cordon Grand Cross of Merit of the Italian Republic
Ribbon of a Cordon Grand Cross of Merit of the Italian Republic
Commander Ordre de Leopold.png
Baretka Krzyża Komandorskiego Orderu Leopolda (Belgia)
Baretka Krzyża Komandorskiego Orderu Leopolda (Belgia)
Vietnam-gallantry-cross-unit-3d.png
Autor: Lestatdelc, Licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0
Vietnam Gallantry Cross and Unit Citation ribbon.
Autor: Lestatdelc, Licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0
Vietnam Gallantry Cross and Unit Citation ribbon.
Navy Unit Commendation ribbon.svg
Navy Unit Commendation ribbon awarded by the United States Department of the Navy.
Navy Unit Commendation ribbon awarded by the United States Department of the Navy.
Vietnam Service Medal ribbon.svg
Ribbon from the Vietnam Service Medal awarded by the United States Department of Defense.
Ribbon from the Vietnam Service Medal awarded by the United States Department of Defense.
US Navy O10 infobox.svg
Naramiennik stopnia Admiral (United States Navy).
Naramiennik stopnia Admiral (United States Navy).
GRE Order of George I - Grand Cross BAR.png
Autor: Wiki Romi, Licencja: CC0
Baretka Krzyża Wielkiego Orderu Jerzego I
Autor: Wiki Romi, Licencja: CC0
Baretka Krzyża Wielkiego Orderu Jerzego I
Korean Service Medal - Ribbon.svg
Ribbon from the Korean Service Medal awarded by the United States Department of Defense.
Ribbon from the Korean Service Medal awarded by the United States Department of Defense.
VPD National Order of Vietnam - Commander BAR.png
Baretka Komandora Orderu Narodowego Republiki Wietnamu
Baretka Komandora Orderu Narodowego Republiki Wietnamu
Argentina Order of Naval Merit.jpg
(c) Dandvsp z angielskiej Wikipedii, CC BY-SA 3.0
Ribbon bar of the Argentina Order of Naval Merit
(c) Dandvsp z angielskiej Wikipedii, CC BY-SA 3.0
Ribbon bar of the Argentina Order of Naval Merit
Army of Occupation ribbon.svg
Ribbon for the Army of Occupation Medal and Navy Occupation Service Medal awarded by the United States Department of Defense.
Ribbon for the Army of Occupation Medal and Navy Occupation Service Medal awarded by the United States Department of Defense.
Tong-il Security Medel Ribbon.png
(c) Dandvsp z angielskiej Wikipedii, CC BY-SA 3.0
Ribbon of the Tong-il Medal (South Korean Order of National Security Merit, First Class)
(c) Dandvsp z angielskiej Wikipedii, CC BY-SA 3.0
Ribbon of the Tong-il Medal (South Korean Order of National Security Merit, First Class)
Orden al Mérito Naval (Venezuela) - ribbon bar.png
Autor: McOleo, Licencja: CC0
Ribbon bar of the Order of Naval Merit (Venezuela)
Autor: McOleo, Licencja: CC0
Ribbon bar of the Order of Naval Merit (Venezuela)
Valor device.svg
Bronze (or brass matte) valor device awarded by the United States Department of Defense to be worn as an add-on device on various awards and decorations for valor in combat. Bronzes denotes first awarding.
Bronze (or brass matte) valor device awarded by the United States Department of Defense to be worn as an add-on device on various awards and decorations for valor in combat. Bronzes denotes first awarding.
United States Department of the Navy Seal.svg
*Description: On a circular background of fair sky and moderate sea with land in sinister base, a tri-mast square rigged ship under way before a fair breeze with after top-sail furled, commission pennant atop the foremast, National Ensign atop the main, and the commodore's flag atop the mizzen. In front of the ship a luce-type anchor inclined slightly bendwise with the crown resting on the land and, in front of the shank and in back of the dexter fluke, an American bald eagle rising to sinister regarding to dexter, one foot on the ground, the other resting on the anchor near the shank; all in proper colors. The whole within a blue annulet bearing the inscription "Department of the Navy" at the top and "United States of America" at the bottom, separated on each side by a mullet and within a rim in the form of a rope; inscription, rope, mullet, and edges of annulet all gold. *Background: The policy for use of the Navy seal and emblem is contained in SECNAV Instr 5030.4 and SECNAV Instr 5030.6. The seal design was approved by the President of the United States by Executive Order 10736 dated October 23, 1957. Request for use of the Navy emblem should be submitted in writing to Defense Printing Service, ATTN: DPSMO, 8725 John Kingman Rd Suite 3239, Fort Belvoir, VA 22060-6220. The telephone number is (703) 767-4218. 1879 version here: http://etc.usf.edu/clipart/54900/54985/54985_seal_navy.htm
*Description: On a circular background of fair sky and moderate sea with land in sinister base, a tri-mast square rigged ship under way before a fair breeze with after top-sail furled, commission pennant atop the foremast, National Ensign atop the main, and the commodore's flag atop the mizzen. In front of the ship a luce-type anchor inclined slightly bendwise with the crown resting on the land and, in front of the shank and in back of the dexter fluke, an American bald eagle rising to sinister regarding to dexter, one foot on the ground, the other resting on the anchor near the shank; all in proper colors. The whole within a blue annulet bearing the inscription "Department of the Navy" at the top and "United States of America" at the bottom, separated on each side by a mullet and within a rim in the form of a rope; inscription, rope, mullet, and edges of annulet all gold. *Background: The policy for use of the Navy seal and emblem is contained in SECNAV Instr 5030.4 and SECNAV Instr 5030.6. The seal design was approved by the President of the United States by Executive Order 10736 dated October 23, 1957. Request for use of the Navy emblem should be submitted in writing to Defense Printing Service, ATTN: DPSMO, 8725 John Kingman Rd Suite 3239, Fort Belvoir, VA 22060-6220. The telephone number is (703) 767-4218. 1879 version here: http://etc.usf.edu/clipart/54900/54985/54985_seal_navy.htm
Flag of the United States Chief of Naval Operations.svg
Flag of the United States Chief of Naval Operations. The position was created in 1915, but the flag just dates from 1964. It is defined in naval regulations, document NTP 13(B) [1] section 1810, as:
- The personal flag of the Chief of Naval Operations consists of a blue and white rectangular background divided diagonally from lower hoist to upper fly, blue above and white below. In the center of the flag appears an adaption of the center of the official seal of the Chief of Naval Operations, consisting of an eagle clutching an anchor, all in proper colors, encircled by fifty links of gold chain. Directly above, below and to each side of the circular center design is a 5-point star with one point upward. On the blue field the two stars are white and on the white field the two stars are blue. A gold fringe is authorized for use with the flag when it is displayed in a static indoor position. The cord and tassels are of golden yellow.
American Defense Service Medal ribbon.svg
Ribbon for the American Defense Service Medal awarded by the United States Department of Defense.
Ribbon for the American Defense Service Medal awarded by the United States Department of Defense.
Star of the Navy - 1st Class (Indonesia) - ribbon bar.png
Autor: McOleo, Licencja: CC BY 3.0
Ribbon bar of the Star of the Navy - 1st Class (Indonesia)
Autor: McOleo, Licencja: CC BY 3.0
Ribbon bar of the Star of the Navy - 1st Class (Indonesia)
Navy and Marine Corps Commendation ribbon.svg
Ribbon for the Navy and Marine Corps Commendation Medal awarded by the United States Department of the Navy.
Ribbon for the Navy and Marine Corps Commendation Medal awarded by the United States Department of the Navy.
Order of Naval Merit - Grand Officer (Brazil) - ribbon bar.png
Autor: McOleo, Licencja: CC BY 3.0
Ribbon bar of the Order of Naval Merit - Grand Officer (Brazil)
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Ribbon bar of the Order of Naval Merit - Grand Officer (Brazil)
Order of Orange-Nassau ribbon - Grand Officer.svg
Autor: Macesito, Licencja: CC BY-SA 4.0
Order of Orange-Nassau - Grand Officer Ribbon
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Order of Orange-Nassau - Grand Officer Ribbon
Vietnam Navy Distinguished Service Order Ribbon-First Class.svg
Autor: Dandvsp (talk). Vectorized by Emperofvietilia., Licencja: CC BY-SA 4.0
Vietnam Navy Distinguished Service Order Ribbon - First Class
Autor: Dandvsp (talk). Vectorized by Emperofvietilia., Licencja: CC BY-SA 4.0
Vietnam Navy Distinguished Service Order Ribbon - First Class
National Defense Service Medal ribbon.svg
Ribbon from the National Defense Service Medal awarded by the United States Department of Defense.
Ribbon from the National Defense Service Medal awarded by the United States Department of Defense.
Navy Distinguished Service ribbon.svg
Ribbon for the Navy Distinguished Service Medal awarded by the United States Department of the Navy.
Ribbon for the Navy Distinguished Service Medal awarded by the United States Department of the Navy.
SWE Royal Order of the Sword - Commander Grand Cross BAR.png
Autor: Wiki Romi, Licencja: CC0
areteka Komandora Krzyża Wielkiego Królewskiego Orderu Miecza
Autor: Wiki Romi, Licencja: CC0
areteka Komandora Krzyża Wielkiego Królewskiego Orderu Miecza
American Campaign Medal ribbon.svg
Ribbon for the American Campaign Medal awarded by the United States Department of Defense.
Ribbon for the American Campaign Medal awarded by the United States Department of Defense.
China Service Medal ribbon.svg
Ribbon for the China Service Medal awarded by the United States Department of the Navy.
Ribbon for the China Service Medal awarded by the United States Department of the Navy.
COL Order of Naval Merit 'Admiral Padilla' - Grand Officer.png
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Ribbon bar of the Order of Naval Merit 'Admiral Padilla' - Grand Officer (Colombia)
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Ribbon bar of the Order of Naval Merit 'Admiral Padilla' - Grand Officer (Colombia)
Legion of Merit ribbon.svg
Ribbon from the Legion of Merit awarded by the United States Department of Defense.
Ribbon from the Legion of Merit awarded by the United States Department of Defense.
World War II Victory Medal ribbon.svg
Ribbon for the World War II Victory Medal awarded by the United States Department of Defense.
Ribbon for the World War II Victory Medal awarded by the United States Department of Defense.
Order of Merit of Duarte, Sanchez and Mella.PNG
Autor: Ericalford, Licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0
Order of Merit of Duarte, Sanchez and Mella
Autor: Ericalford, Licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0
Order of Merit of Duarte, Sanchez and Mella