Gabinet Stanów Zjednoczonych

Stany Zjednoczone
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Stanów Zjednoczonych

Portal:Stany Zjednoczone

Gabinet Stanów Zjednoczonych (ang. Cabinet of the United States) – organ władzy w Stanach Zjednoczonych gromadzący, pod przewodnictwem Prezydenta USA, sekretarzy (odpowiedników ministrów w innych państwach) poszczególnych departamentów (odpowiedników ministerstw w innych państwach) oraz osoby w randze członka gabinetu, ale bez teki (odpowiednik ministra bez teki). Jest instytucją pozakonstytucyjną, ukształtował się jako zwyczaj.

Zgodnie z postanowieniami Konstytucji USA wszelka władza wykonawcza przysługuje Prezydentowi, który jest głową państwa oraz szefem rządu i administracji federalnej. Z kolei określenie Rząd Federalny Stanów Zjednoczonych (Federal Government of the United States) nie odnosi się do rodzaju rządu (rady ministrów), tylko całego systemu władzy państwowej i ustroju (republika federalna złożona ze stanów), składa się nie tylko z władzy wykonawczej, ale i ustawodawczej oraz sądowniczej.

Początkowo pierwszy Prezydent USA George Washington wymógł na Kongresie utworzenie departamentów zajmujących się dyplomacją (Departament Stanu), obroną (Departament Wojny), Departament Skarbu oraz Departament Sprawiedliwości. Potem utworzono Departament Poczty, z Poczmistrzem Generalnym na czele. Wraz z biegiem lat struktura gabinetu zmieniała się. Ostatnią dotychczas zmianą było utworzenie Departamentu Bezpieczeństwa Krajowego po zamachach z 11 września 2001 r.

Wiceprezydent i sekretarze Departamentów w obecnym Gabinecie

StanowiskoOsoba
(stan)
Seal of the Vice President of the United States.svg
wiceprezydent Stanów Zjednoczonych
Kamala Harris
(Kalifornia)
Seal of the United States Secretary of State.svg
sekretarz stanu
Antony Blinken
(Nowy Jork)
Seal of the United States Department of the Treasury.svg
sekretarz skarbu
Janet Yellen
(Kalifornia)
United States Department of Defense Seal.svg
sekretarz obrony
Lloyd Austin
(Georgia)
Seal of the United States Department of Justice.svg
prokurator generalny
Merrick Garland
(Maryland)
Seal of the United States Department of the Interior.svg
sekretarz zasobów wewnętrznych
Deb Haaland
(Nowy Meksyk)
Seal of the United States Department of Agriculture.svg
sekretarz rolnictwa
Tom Vilsack
(Iowa)
Seal of the United States Department of Commerce.svg
sekretarz handlu
Gina Raimondo
(Rhode Island)
Seal of the United States Department of Labor.svg
sekretarz pracy
Marty Walsh
(Massachusetts)
Seal of the United States Department of Health and Human Services.svg
sekretarz zdrowia i opieki społecznej
Xavier Becerra
(Kalifornia)
Seal of the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development.svg
sekretarz urbanizacji
Marcia Fudge
(Ohio)
Seal of the United States Department of Transportation.svg
sekretarz transportu
Pete Buttigieg
(Indiana)
Seal of the United States Department of Energy.svg
sekretarz energii
Jennifer Granholm
(Michigan)
Seal of the United States Department of Education.svg
sekretarz edukacji
Miguel Cardona
(Connecticut)
Seal of the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs.svg
sekretarz spraw weteranów
Denis McDonough
(Maryland)
Seal of the United States Department of Homeland Security.svg
sekretarz bezpieczeństwa krajowego
Alejandro Mayorkas
(Kalifornia)

Pozostali członkowie Gabinetu

StanowiskoOsoba
(stan)
US-WhiteHouse-Logo.svg
szef personelu Białego Domu
Ron Klain
(Indiana)
Seal of the United States Environmental Protection Agency.svg
kierownik Agencji Ochrony Środowiska
Michael S. Regan
(Karolina Północna)
US-OfficeOfManagementAndBudget-Seal.svg
dyrektor Biura Zarządzania i Budżetu
Shalanda Young(kandydatka)
(Luizjana)
Seal of the Office of the Director of National Intelligence.svg
dyrektor Wywiadu Narodowego
Avril Haines
(Nowy Jork)
US-TradeRepresentative-Seal.svg
przedstawiciel handlowy
Katherine Tai
(Connecticut)
Seal of the United States Department of State.svg
ambasador Stanów Zjednoczonych przy ONZ
Linda Thomas-Greenfield
(Luizjana)
Council of Economic Advisers.png
Przewodniczący Rady Doradców Ekonomicznych
Cecilia Rouse
(New Jersey)
Seal of the United States Small Business Administration.svg
kierownik Small Business Administration
Isabel Guzman
(Kalifornia)
US-OfficeOfScienceAndTechnologyPolicy-Seal.svg
dyrektor Biura ds. Polityki Naukowej i Technologicznej
Eric Lander
(Massachusetts)

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Greater coat of arms of the United States.svg
Autor: Ssolbergj, Licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0
The greater coat of arms of the United States of America, as depicted on passports, embassies and the Great Seal.
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Seal of the Vice President of the United States. The blazon is defined in Executive Order 11884 as:

The Coat of Arms of the Vice President of the United States shall be of the following design:

SHIELD: Paleways of thirteen pieces argent and gules, a chief azure; upon the breast of an American eagle displayed holding in his dexter talon an olive branch proper and in his sinister a bundle of thirteen arrows gray, and in his beak a gray scroll inscribed "E PLURIBUS UNUM" sable.

CREST: Behind and above the eagle a radiating glory or, on which appears an arc of thirteen cloud puffs gray, and a constellation of thirteen mullets gray.

The Seal of the Vice President of the United States shall consist of the Coat of Arms encircled by the words "Vice President of the United States."

The design is the same as the Seal of the President of the United States, except that there is no ring of stars, the clouds are gray (instead of proper), the stars are gray (instead of argent), the scroll is gray (instead of white), the arrows are gray (instead of proper), and the background colors and inscription (obviously) differ.
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Logo of the United States White House, especially in conjunction with offices like the Chief of Staff and Press Secretary.
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James Knox Polk (11th president of the United States)
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Portrait of Franklin Pierce (1804–1869), 14th president of the United States. Pierce, a Democrat, served from 1853 to 1857 and was rejected by his party for a second term; his major acts as president include the Gadsden Purchase and the Kansas–Nebraska Act. The image is part of the Brady–Handy Photograph Collection of the Library of Congress. The entry describes it as a "Copy neg. from original ink by Brady after Daguerreotype".
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Millard Fillmore (13th president of the United States). Image by Mathew B. Brady circa 1855-1865, and forms part of the Library of Congress Brady-Handy photograph collection.
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Official photograph portrait of U.S. President George W. Bush.
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Official White House photo of President Bill Clinton, President of the United States.
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Seal of the United States Department of Homeland Security. A graphically styled American eagle appears in a circular blue field. The eagle's outstretched wings break through an inner red ring into an outer white ring that contains a circular placement of the words "U.S. DEPARTMENT OF" in the top half and "HOMELAND SECURITY" in the bottom half. The outer white ring has a silvery gray border. As in The Great Seal, the eagle’s left claw holds an olive branch with 13 leaves and 13 seeds while the right claw grasps 13 arrows. Centered on the eagle's breast is a shield divided into three sections containing elements that represent the homeland "from sea to shining sea." The top element, a dark blue sky, contains 22 stars representing the original 22 agencies and bureaus that have come together to form the department. The left shield element contains white mountains behind a green plain underneath a light blue sky. The right shield element contains four wave shapes representing the oceans, lakes and waterways alternating light and dark blue separated by white lines.
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Seal of the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development.

The seal was originally unveiled on November 10, 1966, and later defined in law (Federal Register 32FR366-67 and 24 CFR subtitle A, §11.1, both since removed as part of a streamlining of the federal code). The seal was defined as:

On a white background within a circle composed of the words, "U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development," is an eagle and two stars. The six upper bars depicting the upper portion of the eagle's wings, the torso of the eagle, the star at the right of the eagle, and the words, "U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development," are colored blue. The eight lower bars depicting the lower portion of the eagle's wings and the star at the left of the eagle are colored green."

The seal is a representative of high rise buildings simulating an eagle and giving emphasis to the "urban" in HUD's name. The eagle (shown abstractly) is a symbol of Federal authority. The use of green symbolizes open space, land, growth and prosperity. The blue in the Seal alludes to the quality of life and environment in America's cities.

More information here.
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Gerald Ford, official Presidential photo.
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Jimmy Carter, former President of the United States
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The seal of the United States Department of Health and Human Services. The symbol represents the American People sheltered in the wing of the American Eagle, suggesting the Department’s concern and responsibility for the welfare of the people. The colors are reflex blue and gold.

This seal is now just used for mainly legal purposes; the department has a separate logo which is used for its visual identity.

More information here and here.
Seal of the United States Department of Education.svg

Seal of the United States Department of Education.

The seal was introduced on May 7, 1980, and is described in law as:

Standing upon a mound, an oak tree with black trunk and limbs and green foliage in front of a gold rising sun, issuing gold rays on a light blue disc, enclosed by a dark blue border with gold edges bearing the inscription "DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION" above a star at either side of the words "UNITED STATES OF AMERICA" in smaller letters in the base; letters and stars in white.

More information here and 34 CFR Part 3.
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Seal of the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
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  • The eagle represents the United States.
  • The circle of five stars above the eagle represents the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marines and Coast Guard.
  • The two flags in the eagle's talons represent the span of America's history from 13 colonies to the present 50 states.
  • The flags are bound by a golden cord symbolic of those Americans who have fallen in service to their country.
  • The eagle holds the cord to perpetuate the memory of those veterans who have fallen and sacrificed for the nation.
More information here.
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Harry S. Truman (1884 – 1972), 1945 – 1953 the thirty-third President of the United States
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Lyndon B. Johnson
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U.S. President Joe Biden's official portrait, 2021
Seal of the United States Department of Justice.svg

Seal of the United States Department of Justice.

The origins of the seal are unknown; it was first used in the 19th century as the seal for the Office of the Attorney General (prior to the formation of the Department of Justice) but the exact date is unknown. Even the translation of the Latin motto is murky, a matter of debate between Latin scholars. The Department's currently accepted translation is who prosecutes on behalf of Lady Justice, referring to the Attorney General. The motto is an allusion to the wording of the writ in a qui tam action: qui tam pro domino rege quam pro se ipso sequitur ("he who sues on behalf of our lord the King as well as for himself." The current-day seal dates from 1934, when some (though not all) of the heraldic mistakes on the original were corrected. More information here.
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Seal of the United States Department of the Interior.

The seal consists of a male bison with the head and body in a left position, standing on a prairie, with mountains and a rising sun in the background, enclosed within two concentric circles, having the words "U.S. Department of the Interior" and the date "March 3, 1849" (when Congress created the department) inscribed in the top and bottom arcs within these circles. See here for more information.

The bison seal dates from 1917, when it was used as the emblem on the initial department flag and thereafter replaced the old version of the seal, which used a federal eagle. The eagle was reinstated for a few years in the 1920s, and a different seal was used from 1968-69, but on both occasions the bison seal was reinstated. For more information see this chapter in The Department of Everything Else: Highlights of Interior History.
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Portrait of James Madison, one of the authors of the Federalist Papers, and the fourth President of the United States
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Seal of the United States Department of Commerce.

The seal was approved on April 4, 1913 and is derived from the seal of the defunct United States Department of Commerce and Labor. It is composed of the arms (Per fesse azure and or, a ship in full sail on waves of the sea, in chief proper; and in base a lighthouse illumined proper), and crest ("The American Eagle displayed"). Around the arms, between two concentric circles, are the words "Department of Commerce" and "United States of America".

The official symbolism has been modified as the functions of the department have changed. As of 2007: the ship is a symbol of commerce; the blue denotes uprightness and constancy; the lighthouse is a well-known symbol representing guidance from the darkness which is translated to commercial enlightenment; and the gold denotes purity. The crest is the American bald eagle denoting the national scope of the Department's activities.

Full description at CFR Title 15 Part 1
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The seal of the United States Department of the Treasury.

The original seal dates from the Board of Treasury during the Articles of Confederation, and so predates the department (and Federal Government) itself. The current design is a slight simplification of the original, introduced in 1968.

The seal's arms depicts balancing scales (to represent justice), a key (the emblem of official authority) and a chevron with thirteen stars (to represent the original states).

For more information, see here.
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Seal of the Office of the Director of National Intelligence. See more information: [1]
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Seal of the United States Department of Agriculture.

The USDA seal was created in 1895. It was adapted for use as a general identifier in 1980, but those usages were replaced with the USDA Logo in 1996. The seal has been withdrawn from use as a departmental identifier, though it is still used on legal materials and other internal uses.

The seal is defined as:

Two and three-eights inches in diameter (azure), a shock of corn (or), upon a base (vert) an American plough proper. All within a double annulet (argent), outer roped, inner beaded, charged with the inscription: UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, and at the base, a scroll bearing the legend: "1862.AGRICULTURE IS THE FOUNDATION OF MANUFACTURE AND COMMERCE. 1889." (or). A diapered background of 44 stars (argent) for the States of the Union.

The dates on the scroll represent the year the Department was founded by act of Congress (1862), and the year the Department was made an Executive Office headed by a Secretary of cabinet rank (1889). The 44 stars represent the states in the Union in 1889.

See here and here for more information.
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Abraham Lincoln, the sixteenth President of the United States.
Council of Economic Advisers.png
Seal of the Council of Economic Advisers
US-OfficeOfManagementAndBudget-Seal.svg

Seal of the United States Office of Management and Budget. It is described in Executive Order 11600 as:

On a blue disc, the Arms of the United States proper above a curved gold scroll inscribed "OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET", in black raised letters, all within a white border edged gold and inscribed "EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES", in blue raised letters. Dark blue suggested by the Seal of the President denotes the direct organizational link with the Presidential office. The arms of the United States refer to the entire Nation and represent the Office's involvement in the organizational and technological processes necessary to assist the President in his role as Chief Executive of the United States.

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(c) Pete Souza, CC BY 3.0
Official photographic portrait of US President Barack Obama (born 4 August 1961; assumed office 20 January 2009)