Księżyce Jowisza
Artykuł zawiera podstawowe dane dotyczące 80 odkrytych naturalnych satelitów Jowisza (stan na 15 listopada 2021)[1].
| Numer | Nazwa | Zdjęcie | Półoś wielka[2] [tys. km] | Nachylenie orbity[2] [°] | Mimośród orbity[2] | Okres obiegu[2] [dni] | Wielkość gwiazdowa[2] [m] | Średnica[2] [km] | Rok odkrycia[2] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| XVI | Metis |  | 128,0 | 0,019 | 0,001 | 0,30 | 17,5 | 44 | 1979 |
| XV | Adrastea |  | 129,0 | 0,054 | 0,002 | 0,30 | 18,7 | 16 | 1979 |
| V | Amaltea |  | 181,4 | 0,380 | 0,003 | 0,50 | 14,1 | 168 | 1892 |
| XIV | Tebe |  | 221,9 | 1,080 | 0,018 | 0,68 | 16,0 | 98 | 1979 |
| I | Io |  | 421,8 | 0,036 | 0,004 | 1,77 | 5,0 | 3643 | 1610 |
| II | Europa |  | 671,1 | 0,466 | 0,009 | 3,55 | 5,3 | 3122 | 1610 |
| III | Ganimedes |  | 1070,4 | 0,177 | 0,001 | 7,16 | 4,6 | 5262 | 1610 |
| IV | Kallisto |  | 1882,7 | 0,192 | 0,007 | 16,69 | 5,7 | 4821 | 1610 |
| XVIII | Temisto | 7507 | 43,08 | 0,242 | 130,0 | 21,0 | 9 | 1975 / 2000[a] | |
| XIII | Leda | 11 165 | 27,46 | 0,164 | 240,9 | 20,2 | 18 | 1974 | |
| VI | Himalia |  | 11 461 | 27,50 | 0,162 | 250,6 | 14,8 | 160 | 1904 |
| LXXI | Ersa | 11 483 | 30,61 | 0,094 | 252,0 | 22,9 | 3 | 2018 | |
| LXV | Pandia | 11 525 | 28,15 | 0,180 | 252,1 | 23,0 | 3 | 2017 | |
| X | Lizytea | 11 717 | 28,30 | 0,112 | 259,2 | 18,2 | 38 | 1938 | |
| VII | Elara | 11 741 | 26,63 | 0,217 | 259,6 | 16,6 | 78 | 1905 | |
| LIII | Dia | 12 118 | 28,23 | 0,211 | 287,0 | 22,4 | 4 | 2000 | |
| XLVI | Karpo | 16 989 | 51,4 | 0,430 | 456,1 | 23,0 | 3 | 2003 | |
| LXII | Valetudo | 18 980 | 34,0 | 0,22 | 533,3 | 24,0 | 1 | 2017 | |
| XXXIV | Euporie | 19 302 | 145,8 | 0,144 | 550,7 | 23,1 | 2 | 2001 | |
| LV | Jowisz LV | 20 274 | 146,4 | 0,105 | 588,0 | 23,4 | 2 | 2003 | |
| LII | Jowisz LII | 20 307 | 150,4 | 0,307 | 588,1 | 23,9 | 1 | 2010 | |
| S/2003 J 16 | 20 567 | 151,1 | 0,333 | 598,6 | 23,3 | 2 | 2003 | ||
| S/2003 J 2 | 20 610 | 149,2 | 0,278 | 602,3 | 23,7 | 2 | 2003 | ||
| LXVIII | Jowisz LXVIII | 20 627 | 143,4 | 0,215 | 602,6 | 23,6 | 2 | 2017 | |
| LIV | Jowisz LIV | 20 651 | 139,8 | 0,141 | 602,7 | 24,0 | 1 | 2016 | |
| LXIV | Jowisz LXIV | 20 694 | 147,9 | 0,148 | 606,3 | 23,4 | 2 | 2017 | |
| XXXV | Orthosie | 20 721 | 145,9 | 0,281 | 622,6 | 23,1 | 2 | 2001 | |
| XXXIII | Euanthe | 20 799 | 148,9 | 0,232 | 620,6 | 22,8 | 3 | 2001 | |
| XXIX | Thyone | 20 940 | 148,5 | 0,229 | 627,3 | 22,3 | 4 | 2001 | |
| XL | Mneme | 21 069 | 148,6 | 0,227 | 620,0 | 23,3 | 2 | 2003 | |
| XXII | Harpalyke | 21 105 | 148,6 | 0,226 | 623,3 | 22,2 | 4 | 2000 | |
| XXX | Hermippe | 21 131 | 150,7 | 0,210 | 633,9 | 22,1 | 4 | 2001 | |
| XXVII | Praxidike | 21 147 | 149,0 | 0,230 | 625,3 | 21,2 | 7 | 2000 | |
| XLII | Thelxinoe | 21 162 | 151,4 | 0,221 | 628,1 | 23,5 | 2 | 2003 | |
| LX | Eufeme | 21 200 | 148,0 | 0,253 | 627,8 | 23,4 | 2 | 2003 | |
| XLV | Helike | 21 263 | 154,8 | 0,156 | 634,8 | 22,6 | 4 | 2003 | |
| XXIV | Jokasta | 21 269 | 149,4 | 0,216 | 631,5 | 21,8 | 5 | 2000 | |
| XII | Ananke | 21 276 | 148,9 | 0,244 | 610,5 | 18,9 | 28 | 1951 | |
| LXX | Jowisz LXX | 21 487 | 152,7 | 0,229 | 639,2 | 22,8 | 3 | 2017 | |
| S/2003 J 12 | 21 615 | 154,7 | 0,366 | 646,0 | 24,0 | 1 | 2003 | ||
| S/2003 J 4 | 21 110 | 149,4 | 0,497 | 668,0 | 23,5 | 2 | 2003 | ||
| LXXII | Jowisz LXXII | 22 462 | 163,3 | 0,233 | 686,6 | 23,7 | 2 | 2011 | |
| LXI | Jowisz LXI | 22 757 | 166,7 | 0,257 | 697,6 | 23,7 | 2 | 2003 | |
| XLIII | Arche | 22 931 | 165,0 | 0,259 | 723,9 | 22,8 | 3 | 2002 | |
| XXXVIII | Pasithee | 23 096 | 165,1 | 0,267 | 719,5 | 23,2 | 2 | 2001 | |
| L | Herse | 23 097 | 164,2 | 0,200 | 715,4 | 23,4 | 2 | 2003 | |
| XXI | Chaldene | 23 179 | 165,2 | 0,251 | 723,8 | 22,5 | 4 | 2000 | |
| XXXVII | Kale | 23 217 | 165,0 | 0,260 | 729,5 | 23,0 | 2 | 2001 | |
| XXVI | Isonoe | 23 217 | 165,2 | 0,246 | 725,5 | 22,5 | 4 | 2000 | |
| XXXI | Aitne | 23 231 | 165,1 | 0,264 | 730,2 | 22,7 | 3 | 2001 | |
| LXVI | Jowisz LXVI | 23 232 | 164,3 | 0,284 | 719,5 | 23,5 | 2 | 2017 | |
| LXIX | Jowisz LXIX | 23 233 | 164,7 | 0,312 | 719,6 | 24,0 | 1 | 2017 | |
| XXV | Erinome | 23 279 | 164,9 | 0,266 | 728,3 | 22,8 | 3 | 2000 | |
| LXIII | Jowisz LXIII | 23 303 | 166,4 | 0,236 | 723,1 | 23,5 | 2 | 2017 | |
| LI | Jowisz LI | 23 314 | 163,2 | 0,320 | 723,2 | 23,3 | 2 | 2010 | |
| XX | Taygete | 23 360 | 165,2 | 0,252 | 732,2 | 21,9 | 5 | 2000 | |
| XI | Karme | 23 404 | 164,9 | 0,253 | 702,3 | 17,9 | 46 | 1938 | |
| XXIII | Kalyke | 23 583 | 165,2 | 0,245 | 743,0 | 21,8 | 5 | 2000 | |
| XLVII | Eukelade | 23 661 | 165,5 | 0,272 | 746,4 | 22,6 | 4 | 2003 | |
| LVII | Eirene | 23 732 | 163,1 | 0,220 | 759,7 | 22,5 | 4 | 2003 | |
| XLIV | Kallichore | 24 043 | 165,5 | 0,264 | 764,7 | 23,7 | 2 | 2003 | |
| S/2003 J 9 | 24 234 | 166,3 | 0,170 | 766,5 | 23,7 | 1 | 2003 | ||
| LXVII | Jowisz LXVII | 22 455 | 155,2 | 0,557 | 683,0 | 23,5 | 2 | 2017 | |
| LVIII | Filofrosyne | 22 820 | 143,6 | 0,194 | 701,3 | 23,5 | 2 | 2003 | |
| XXXII | Eurydome | 22 865 | 150,3 | 0,276 | 717,3 | 22,7 | 3 | 2001 | |
| XXVIII | Autonoe | 23 039 | 152,9 | 0,334 | 762,7 | 22,0 | 4 | 2001 | |
| LVI | Jowisz LVI | 23 464 | 148,8 | 0,332 | 730,5 | 23,6 | 1 | 2011 | |
| XXXVI | Sponde | 23 487 | 151,0 | 0,312 | 748,3 | 23,0 | 2 | 2001 | |
| LIX | Jowisz LIX | 23 547 | 149,2 | 0,397 | 734,2 | 23,8 | 2 | 2017 | |
| VIII | Pazyfae | 23 624 | 151,4 | 0,409 | 708,0 | 16,9 | 58 | 1908 | |
| XIX | Megaclite | 23 806 | 152,8 | 0,421 | 752,8 | 21,7 | 6 | 2000 | |
| IX | Sinope | 23 939 | 158,1 | 0,250 | 724,5 | 18,3 | 38 | 1914 | |
| XXXIX | Hegemone | 23 947 | 155,2 | 0,328 | 739,6 | 22,8 | 3 | 2003 | |
| XLI | Aoede | 23 981 | 158,3 | 0,432 | 761,5 | 22,5 | 4 | 2003 | |
| XVII | Callirrhoe | 24 102 | 147,1 | 0,283 | 758,8 | 20,8 | 7 | 1999 | |
| S/2003 J 10[b] | 24 250 | 164,1 | 0,214 | 767,0 | 23,6 | 2 | 2003 | ||
| XLVIII | Cyllene | 24 349 | 149,3 | 0,319 | 737,8 | 23,2 | 2 | 2003 | |
| XLIX | Kore | 24 543 | 145,0 | 0,325 | 779,2 | 23,6 | 2 | 2003 | |
| S/2003 J 23 | 24 750 | 146,1 | 0,321 | 759,7 | 23,9 | 2 | 2003 |
Uwagi
Przypisy
- ↑ Planetary Satellite Discovery Circumstances (ang.). W: Solar System Dynamics [on-line]. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, 2022-09-13. [dostęp 2021-11-15].
- ↑ a b c d e f g Scott S. Sheppard: Jupiter’s Known Satellites (ang.). [dostęp 2022-09-13].
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Solar System XXX.png
This is a revised version of Solar_System_XXIX.png.
This is a revised version of Solar_System_XXIX.png.
Io highest resolution true color.jpg
Wysokiej rozdzielczości fotografia Io, księżyca Jowisza, wykonana 3 lipca 1999 roku przez sondę Galileo podczas jej najbliższego przelotu koło Io od momentu wejścia sondy na orbitę Jowisza pod koniec 1995 roku.
Wysokiej rozdzielczości fotografia Io, księżyca Jowisza, wykonana 3 lipca 1999 roku przez sondę Galileo podczas jej najbliższego przelotu koło Io od momentu wejścia sondy na orbitę Jowisza pod koniec 1995 roku.
Rhea true color.jpg
Cassini color image of Rhea, showing the wispy trailing hemisphere.
Cassini color image of Rhea, showing the wispy trailing hemisphere.
Thebe.jpg
This image of Thebe was taken by NASA's Galileo spacecraft on January 4, 2000, at a range of 193,000 kilometers.
This image of Thebe was taken by NASA's Galileo spacecraft on January 4, 2000, at a range of 193,000 kilometers.
Callisto.jpg
Bright scars on a darker surface testify to a long history of impacts on Jupiter's moon Callisto in this image of Callisto from NASA's Galileo spacecraft. The picture, taken in May 2001, is the only complete global color image of Callisto obtained by Galileo, which has been orbiting Jupiter since December 1995. Of Jupiter's four largest moons, Callisto orbits farthest from the giant planet. Callisto's surface is uniformly cratered but is not uniform in color or brightness. Scientists believe the brighter areas are mainly ice and the darker areas are highly eroded, ice-poor material.
Bright scars on a darker surface testify to a long history of impacts on Jupiter's moon Callisto in this image of Callisto from NASA's Galileo spacecraft. The picture, taken in May 2001, is the only complete global color image of Callisto obtained by Galileo, which has been orbiting Jupiter since December 1995. Of Jupiter's four largest moons, Callisto orbits farthest from the giant planet. Callisto's surface is uniformly cratered but is not uniform in color or brightness. Scientists believe the brighter areas are mainly ice and the darker areas are highly eroded, ice-poor material.
Io highest resolution true color frame.jpg
Wysokiej rozdzielczości fotografia Io, księżyca Jowisza, wykonana 3 lipca 1999 roku przez sondę Galileo podczas jej najbliższego przelotu koło Io od momentu wejścia sondy na orbitę Jowisza pod koniec 1995 roku.
Wysokiej rozdzielczości fotografia Io, księżyca Jowisza, wykonana 3 lipca 1999 roku przez sondę Galileo podczas jej najbliższego przelotu koło Io od momentu wejścia sondy na orbitę Jowisza pod koniec 1995 roku.
Adrastea.jpg
Adrastea—the moon of Jupiter by Galileo
Adrastea—the moon of Jupiter by Galileo
Jupiter.jpg
Original Caption Released with Image: This processed color image of Jupiter was produced in 1990 by the U.S. Geological Survey from a Voyager image captured in 1979. The colors have been enhanced to bring out detail. Zones of light-colored, ascending clouds alternate with bands of dark, descending clouds. The clouds travel around the planet in alternating eastward and westward belts at speeds of up to 540 kilometers per hour. Tremendous storms as big as Earthly continents surge around the planet. The Great Red Spot (oval shape toward the lower-left) is an enormous anticyclonic storm that drifts along its belt, eventually circling the entire planet.
Original Caption Released with Image: This processed color image of Jupiter was produced in 1990 by the U.S. Geological Survey from a Voyager image captured in 1979. The colors have been enhanced to bring out detail. Zones of light-colored, ascending clouds alternate with bands of dark, descending clouds. The clouds travel around the planet in alternating eastward and westward belts at speeds of up to 540 kilometers per hour. Tremendous storms as big as Earthly continents surge around the planet. The Great Red Spot (oval shape toward the lower-left) is an enormous anticyclonic storm that drifts along its belt, eventually circling the entire planet.
Amalthea Mond.jpg
Amalthea Moon
Amalthea Moon
Himalia from New Horizons.jpg
Himalia, a moon of Jupiter, imaged by New Horizons, 2006. Cropped by User:Rubble pile.
Himalia, a moon of Jupiter, imaged by New Horizons, 2006. Cropped by User:Rubble pile.
Full caption from NASA reads:
Description:Irregular satellites, phase coverage
Time:2007-03-07 00:00:01 UTC
Exposure:40 msec
Target:HIMALIA
Europa-moon.jpg
This image shows a view of the trailing hemisphere of Jupiter's ice-covered satellite, Europa, in approximate natural color. Long, dark lines are fractures in the crust, some of which are more than 3,000 kilometers (1,850 miles) long. The bright feature containing a central dark spot in the lower third of the image is a young impact crater some 50 kilometers (31 miles) in diameter. This crater has been provisionally named "Pwyll" for the Celtic god of the underworld. Europa is about 3,160 kilometers (1,950 miles) in diameter, or about the size of Earth's moon. This image was taken on September 7, 1996, at a range of 677,000 kilometers (417,900 miles) by the solid state imaging television camera onboard the Galileo spacecraft during its second orbit around Jupiter. The image was processed by Deutsche Forschungsanstalt fuer Luftund Raumfahrt e.V., Berlin, Germany.
This image shows a view of the trailing hemisphere of Jupiter's ice-covered satellite, Europa, in approximate natural color. Long, dark lines are fractures in the crust, some of which are more than 3,000 kilometers (1,850 miles) long. The bright feature containing a central dark spot in the lower third of the image is a young impact crater some 50 kilometers (31 miles) in diameter. This crater has been provisionally named "Pwyll" for the Celtic god of the underworld. Europa is about 3,160 kilometers (1,950 miles) in diameter, or about the size of Earth's moon. This image was taken on September 7, 1996, at a range of 677,000 kilometers (417,900 miles) by the solid state imaging television camera onboard the Galileo spacecraft during its second orbit around Jupiter. The image was processed by Deutsche Forschungsanstalt fuer Luftund Raumfahrt e.V., Berlin, Germany.
Ganymede g1 true-edit1.jpg
True color image of Ganymede, obtained by the Galileo spacecraft, with enhanced contrast.
True color image of Ganymede, obtained by the Galileo spacecraft, with enhanced contrast.
Here is the description from JPL's web entry for PIA00716:
Natural color view of Ganymede from the Galileo spacecraft during its first encounter with the satellite. North is to the top of the picture and the sun illuminates the surface from the right. The dark areas are the older, more heavily cratered regions and the light areas are younger, tectonically deformed regions. The brownish-gray color is due to mixtures of rocky materials and ice. Bright spots are geologically recent impact craters and their ejecta. The finest details that can be discerned in this picture are about 13.4 kilometers across. The images which combine for this color image were taken beginning at Universal Time 8:46:04 UT on June 26, 1996.
The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA manages the mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, DC. This image and other images and data received from Galileo are posted on the World Wide Web, on the Galileo mission home page at URL http://galileo.jpl.nasa.gov. Background information and educational context for the images can be found at http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo.