Protonaród
Protonaród, inaczej naród bez państwa – typ grupy etnicznej, która dąży do uzyskania własnej suwerenności politycznej.
Tego typu grupy etniczne posiadają własne elity polityczne oraz własnych ideologów, którzy starają się generować ruch narodowy. Protonaród można uznać za fazę tworzenia się z grupy etnicznej narodu, co nie oznacza, że każdy protonaród musi stać się w przyszłości uznanym narodem i uzyskać własną niezależność polityczną w postaci państwa.
Pojęcie protonarodu wprowadzone zostało przez Thomasa Eriksena, dla odróżnienia tego typu grupy etnicznej od miejskich mniejszości etnicznych i ludów tubylczych, znajdujących się w fazie przedindustrialnej rozwoju oraz grup etnicznych w "społeczeństwach pluralistycznych" istniejących w kulturowo heterogenicznych państwach pokolonialnych.
Protonarody zazwyczaj są liczebniejsze od innych typów mniejszości etnicznych.
Bibliografia
- Wojciech J Burszta, Antropologia kultury. Tematy, teorie, interpretacje, Poznań: Zysk i s-ka, 1998, ISBN 83-7150-322-9, OCLC 68676630 .
- Thomas Eriksen, Ethnicity and nationalism. Anthropological Perspectives'', Londyn: Pluto Press, 1993 (ang.).
- Charles R. Foster, Nations without a State: Ethnic Minorities in Western Europe'', Nowy Jork: Praeger Publishers, 1980 (ang.).
- Sergio Salvi, Le lingue tagliate: storia delle minoranze linguistiche in Italia'', Mediolan: Rizzoli, 1975 (wł.).
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