SCB-125
USS „Intrepid” przed (z lewej) i po modernizacji programem SCB-125 (z prawej)
SCB-125 – program marynarki wojennej Stanów Zjednoczonych przeprowadzony pomiędzy 1954 a 1959 rokiem mający na celu ulepszenie lotniskowców typu Essex poprzez dodanie skośnego pokładu lotniczego oraz innych ulepszeń poprawiających loty i żeglugę.
Główne rodzaje zmian
- Skośny pokład lotniczy
- tzw. „Hurricane” bow
- System OLS (ang. Optical landing system)
- Aerofiniszer Mark 7
- Przeniesienie głównej kontroli lotu na rufę
- Klimatyzacja
Historia programu
Program SCB-125 po raz pierwszy został zastosowany na ostatnich trzech lotniskowcach typu Essex, które przeszły modernizację SCВ-27С będąc jeszcze podczas ich oryginalnych napraw. Docelowo każdy okręt zmodernizowany programem SCВ-27 miał przejść modernizację SCВ-125 – z wyjątkiem lotniskowca USS „Lake Champlain”.
Proces przebudowy trwał od około sześciu do dziewięciu miesięcy (maksymalnie 2 lat). Okręty zmodernizowane do standardu SCB-27A, które zostały wyposażone w parę katapult hydraulicznych typu H 8, nie zostały zaktualizowane do katapult startowych typu C 11 – tak jak to miało miejsce na siostrzanych SCB-27C, ze względu na ograniczoną przestrzeń.
USS „Oriskany” – prototyp konwersji SCB-27A, był ostatnim z klasy Essex, który przeszedł modernizację programem SCB-125. Poprzez zastosowanie aluminiowego poszycia pokładu, aerofiniszera Mk 7-1 oraz katapult startowych C 11-1 – będących w standardzie modyfikacji SCB-125, USS „Oriskany” jako jedyny został zmodernizowany do modyfikacji SCB-125A[1].
Zmodernizowane okręty
| Oznaczenie | Nazwa | Przed modernizacją | Program | Początek prac | Ponowne wejście do służby | Po modernizacji |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVA-38 | „Shangri-La” | SCB-27C/SCB-125 | październik 1952 | styczeń 1955 | _underway_in_the_Caribbean_Sea_on_11_February_1970_(K-81800).jpg) | |
| CV-16[2] | „Lexington” | _underway_on_10_March_1944.jpg) | SCB-27C/SCB-125 | wrzesień 1953 | sierpień 1955 | _underway_in_the_1960s.JPEG) |
| CVA-31 | „Bon Homme Richard” | _anchored_in_New_York_harbor_on_9_January_1945.jpg) | SCB-27C/SCB-125 | maj 1953 | wrzesień 1955 | _underway_at_sea_c1959.jpg) |
| CVA-20 | „Bennington” | _at_sea_in_1953.jpg) | SCB-125 | styczeń 1954 | kwiecień 1955 | _underway_c1958.jpg) |
| CVA-10 | „Yorktown” | _underway_July_1953.jpg) | SCB-125 | marzec 1955 | październik 1955 | _underway_c1959.jpg) |
| CVA-18 | „Wasp” | _at_sea_in_the_Western_Pacific_on_6_August_1945_(80-G-261904).jpg) | SCB-125 | marzec 1955 | grudzień 1955 | _in_the_Atlantic_1970.jpg) |
| CVA-15 | „Randolph” | _underway_c1955.jpg) | SCB-125 | sierpień 1955 | luty 1956 | _underway_1967.jpg) |
| CVA-9 | „Essex” | _underway_in_March_1951.jpg) | SCB-125 | sierpień 1955 | styczeń 1956 | _at_sea_c1956.jpg) |
| CVA-12 | „Hornet” | _en_route_to_Guantanamo_Bay_on_10_January_1954_(80-G-K-17108).jpg) | SCB-125 | styczeń 1956 | sierpień 1956 | _underway_in_the_Gulf_of_Tonkin_on_5_September_1967.jpg) |
| CVA-19 | „Hancock” | _at_Philippines%2c_December_1944.jpg) | SCB-125 | kwiecień 1956 | listopad 1956 | _off_Pearl_Harbor_1968.jpg) |
| CVA-33 | „Kearsarge” | _underway_in_April_1952.jpg) | SCB-125 | lipiec 1956 | styczeń 1957 | _c1963.jpg) |
| CVA-14 | „Ticonderoga” | _off_San_Diego%2c_September_1944.jpg) | SCB-125 | sierpień 1956 | kwiecień 1957 | |
| CVA-11 | „Intrepid” | _operating_in_the_Philippine_Sea_in_November_1944_(NH_97468).jpg) | SCB-125 | wrzesień 1956 | maj 1957 |  |
| CVA-34 | „Oriskany” | %2c_circa_in_1953.jpg) | SCB-125A | styczeń 1957 | maj 1959 | _underway_in_1973.jpeg) |
Przypisy
Bibliografia
- Norman Friedman: U.S. Aircraft Carriers: An Illustrated Design History. Annapolis: Naval Institute, 1983. ISBN 0-87021-739-9.
Zobacz też
Linki zewnętrzne
- SCB-125 modernization of Essex/Ticonderoga class aircraft carriers, (CVA/CVS 9-12, 14-16, 18-20, 31, 33-34 & 38) (ang.). [dostęp 2016-06-07].
Media użyte na tej stronie
USS Wasp (CV-18) at sea in the Western Pacific on 6 August 1945 (80-G-261904).jpg
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Wasp (CV-18) at sea in the Western Pacific on 6 August 1945. Note the scoreboard painted on the carrier's island. On deck are various aircraft of Carrier Air Group 86 (CVG-86).
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Wasp (CV-18) at sea in the Western Pacific on 6 August 1945. Note the scoreboard painted on the carrier's island. On deck are various aircraft of Carrier Air Group 86 (CVG-86).
_underway_in_the_Pacific_Ocean%2c_17_August_1946_(80-G-278827).jpg)
USS Shangri-La (CV-38) underway in the pacific, 1946.jpg
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Shangri-La (CV-38) underway in the Pacific Ocean, with her crew paraded on the flight deck, 17 August 1946. Note use of the air group identification letter "Z" on the flight deck instead of her hull number ("38").
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Shangri-La (CV-38) underway in the Pacific Ocean, with her crew paraded on the flight deck, 17 August 1946. Note use of the air group identification letter "Z" on the flight deck instead of her hull number ("38").
USS Yorktown (CVS-10) underway c1959.jpg
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Yorktown (CVS-10) underway during her deployment to the Western Pacific from 1 November 1958 to 21 May 1959.
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Yorktown (CVS-10) underway during her deployment to the Western Pacific from 1 November 1958 to 21 May 1959.
USS Bon Homme Richard (CV-31) anchored in New York harbor on 9 January 1945.jpg
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Bon Homme Richard (CV-31) anchored in New York harbor (USA), with supply barges alongside, on 9 January 1945. Photographed from a Naval Air Station New York, aircraft, flying at an altitude of 90 meters.
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Bon Homme Richard (CV-31) anchored in New York harbor (USA), with supply barges alongside, on 9 January 1945. Photographed from a Naval Air Station New York, aircraft, flying at an altitude of 90 meters.
_passing_through_Sunds_Strait_on_24_April_1971_(NH_97488-KN).jpg)
USS Ticonderoga.jpg
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Ticonderoga (CVS-14) with her rails manned, following conversion to an anti-submarine warfare support aircraft carrier. The photo was taken on 24 April 1971 when the carrier was passing through the Sunda Strait, having a memorial service for the cruisers USS Houston (CA-30) and HMAS Perth (D29) that were sunk here on 28 February 1942.
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Ticonderoga (CVS-14) with her rails manned, following conversion to an anti-submarine warfare support aircraft carrier. The photo was taken on 24 April 1971 when the carrier was passing through the Sunda Strait, having a memorial service for the cruisers USS Houston (CA-30) and HMAS Perth (D29) that were sunk here on 28 February 1942.
USS Shangri-La (CVS-38) underway in the Caribbean Sea on 11 February 1970 (K-81800).jpg
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Shangri-La (CVS-38) cruises toward Roosevelt Roads, Puerto Rico, on 11 February 1970. Shangri-La was working up for her last deployment before her decomissioning. Her last cruise, with assigned Carrier Air Wing 8 (CVW-8), was to Vietnam and the Western Pacific from 5 March to 17 December 1970. Although nominally redesignated as an anti-submarine carrier (CVS) on 30 June 1969, the Shang still operated as an attack carrier (CVA).
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Shangri-La (CVS-38) cruises toward Roosevelt Roads, Puerto Rico, on 11 February 1970. Shangri-La was working up for her last deployment before her decomissioning. Her last cruise, with assigned Carrier Air Wing 8 (CVW-8), was to Vietnam and the Western Pacific from 5 March to 17 December 1970. Although nominally redesignated as an anti-submarine carrier (CVS) on 30 June 1969, the Shang still operated as an attack carrier (CVA).
USS Randolph (CVA-15) underway c1955.jpg
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Randolph (CVA-15) underway in 1955. Randolph with Air Task Group 181 (ATG-181) aboard was deployed to the Mediterranean Sea from 30 November 1954 to 18 June 1955.
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Randolph (CVA-15) underway in 1955. Randolph with Air Task Group 181 (ATG-181) aboard was deployed to the Mediterranean Sea from 30 November 1954 to 18 June 1955.
Bow view of USS Oriskany (CVA-34), circa in 1953.jpg
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Oriskany (CVA-34) during the Korean War. The Oriskany, with assigned Carrier Air Group 102 (CVG-102), was deployed to Korea from 15 September 1952 to 18 May 1953.
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Oriskany (CVA-34) during the Korean War. The Oriskany, with assigned Carrier Air Group 102 (CVG-102), was deployed to Korea from 15 September 1952 to 18 May 1953.
USS Intrepid CVS-11 bow shot 1970s.jpg
The U.S. aircraft carrier USS Intrepid (CVS-11) underway in the early 1970s with aircraft of Carrier Anti-Submarine Air Group 56 (CVSG-56) on deck. Visible are nine Grumman S-2 Tracker ASW aircraft, two Grumman E-1B Tracer AEW aircraft and a single Sikorsky SH-3D Sea King helicopter.
The U.S. aircraft carrier USS Intrepid (CVS-11) underway in the early 1970s with aircraft of Carrier Anti-Submarine Air Group 56 (CVSG-56) on deck. Visible are nine Grumman S-2 Tracker ASW aircraft, two Grumman E-1B Tracer AEW aircraft and a single Sikorsky SH-3D Sea King helicopter.
USS Intrepid (CV-11) operating in the Philippine Sea in November 1944 (NH 97468).jpg
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Intrepid (CV-11) operating in the Philippine Sea in November 1944. Note the Grumman F6F Hellcat fighter parked on an outrigger forward of her island.
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Intrepid (CV-11) operating in the Philippine Sea in November 1944. Note the Grumman F6F Hellcat fighter parked on an outrigger forward of her island.
USS Hornet (CVA-12) en route to Guantanamo Bay on 10 January 1954 (80-G-K-17108).jpg
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Hornet (CVA-12) en route to Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, on 10 January 1954, during shakedown following completion of her SCB-27A modernization. Hornet, with assigned Air Task Group 181 (ATG-181), was deployed to the Caribbean from 6 January to 5 March 1954.
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Hornet (CVA-12) en route to Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, on 10 January 1954, during shakedown following completion of her SCB-27A modernization. Hornet, with assigned Air Task Group 181 (ATG-181), was deployed to the Caribbean from 6 January to 5 March 1954.
USS Ticonderoga (CV-14) off San Diego, September 1944.jpg
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Ticonderoga (CV-14) off San Diego, California (USA), 16 September 1944, loaded with aircraft to be transported to Hawaii. The ship is painted in camouflage Measure 33, Design 10a.
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Ticonderoga (CV-14) off San Diego, California (USA), 16 September 1944, loaded with aircraft to be transported to Hawaii. The ship is painted in camouflage Measure 33, Design 10a.
SH-3A Sea Kings of HS-6 flying over USS Kearsarge (CVS-33) c1963.jpg
Three Sikorsky SH-3A Sea King from Helicopter Anti-Submarine Squadron 6 (HS-6) "Indians", flying over the aircraft carrier USS Kearsarge (CVS-33). HS-6 was assigned to Carrier Anti-submarine Air Group 53 (CVSG-53) aboard Kearsarge. The picture was taken after the 1962 FRAM-modernisation, but the carrier still carries the SPS-8A radar. Also, the Sea Kings are not yet painted in the grey/white scheme, therefore the date is therefore probably 1962–1964.
Three Sikorsky SH-3A Sea King from Helicopter Anti-Submarine Squadron 6 (HS-6) "Indians", flying over the aircraft carrier USS Kearsarge (CVS-33). HS-6 was assigned to Carrier Anti-submarine Air Group 53 (CVSG-53) aboard Kearsarge. The picture was taken after the 1962 FRAM-modernisation, but the carrier still carries the SPS-8A radar. Also, the Sea Kings are not yet painted in the grey/white scheme, therefore the date is therefore probably 1962–1964.
USS Oriskany (CVA-34) underway in 1973.jpeg
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Oriskany (CVA-34) in 1973. Oriskany was deployed to the Vietnam and the Western Pacific from 5 June 1972 to 30 March 1973 and from 18 October 1973 to 5 June 1974.
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Oriskany (CVA-34) in 1973. Oriskany was deployed to the Vietnam and the Western Pacific from 5 June 1972 to 30 March 1973 and from 18 October 1973 to 5 June 1974.
USS Randolph (CVS-15) underway 1967.jpg
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Randolph (CVS-15) in 1967. On deck are aircraft of Carrier Anti-Submarine Air Group 56 (CVSG-56). A Sikorsky SH-3D Sea King of Helicopter Anti-Submarine Squadron HS-3 Tridents is approaching the ship.
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Randolph (CVS-15) in 1967. On deck are aircraft of Carrier Anti-Submarine Air Group 56 (CVSG-56). A Sikorsky SH-3D Sea King of Helicopter Anti-Submarine Squadron HS-3 Tridents is approaching the ship.
USS Hornet (CVS-12) underway in the Gulf of Tonkin on 5 September 1967.jpg
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Hornet (CVS-12) underway in the Gulf of Tonkin on 5 September 1967. Hornet, with assigned Carrier Anti-Submarine Air Group 57 (CVSG-57), was deployed to the Western Pacific and Vietnam from 27 March to 28 October 1967.
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Hornet (CVS-12) underway in the Gulf of Tonkin on 5 September 1967. Hornet, with assigned Carrier Anti-Submarine Air Group 57 (CVSG-57), was deployed to the Western Pacific and Vietnam from 27 March to 28 October 1967.
USS Hancock (CV-19) at Philippines, December 1944.jpg
USS Hancock (CV-19) underway on 15 December 1944, during operations in the Philippines area.
USS Hancock (CV-19) underway on 15 December 1944, during operations in the Philippines area.
USS Bennington (CVA-20) at sea in 1953.jpg
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Bennington (CVA-20) underway following her SCB-27A conversion in January 1953. Bennington was recommissioned on 13 November 1952.
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Bennington (CVA-20) underway following her SCB-27A conversion in January 1953. Bennington was recommissioned on 13 November 1952.
USS Essex (CV-9) underway in March 1951.jpg
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Essex (CV-9) following her SCB-27A modernisation at the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, Washington (USA), in March 1951.
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Essex (CV-9) following her SCB-27A modernisation at the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, Washington (USA), in March 1951.
USS Bennington (CVA-20) underway c1958.jpg
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Bennington (CVA-20) underway in the Pacific Ocean. Bennington, with assigned Air Task Group 4 (ATG-4), was deployed to the Western Pacific from 21 August 1958 12 January 1959. This was her last cruise as an attack carrier.
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Bennington (CVA-20) underway in the Pacific Ocean. Bennington, with assigned Air Task Group 4 (ATG-4), was deployed to the Western Pacific from 21 August 1958 12 January 1959. This was her last cruise as an attack carrier.
USS Wasp (CVS-18) in the Atlantic 1970.jpg
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Wasp (CVS-18) underway in the Atlantic Ocean, in 1970.
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Wasp (CVS-18) underway in the Atlantic Ocean, in 1970.
USS Essex (CVA-9) at sea c1956.jpg
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Essex (CVA-9) underway. The Essex, with assigned Carrier Air Group 11 (CVG-11) was deployed to the Western Pacific from 16 July 1956 to 26 January 1957.
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Essex (CVA-9) underway. The Essex, with assigned Carrier Air Group 11 (CVG-11) was deployed to the Western Pacific from 16 July 1956 to 26 January 1957.
USS Hancock (CVA-19) off Pearl Harbor 1968.jpg
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Hancock (CVA-19) leaves Pearl Harbor, Hawaii (USA), en route to Vietnam after a change of command ceremony for Commander, U.S. Pacific Command, Adm. John S. McCain relieved Adm. Ulysses S. Grant Sharp on 31 July 1968. Hancock was deployed to Vietnam from 18 July 1968 to 3 March 1969.
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Hancock (CVA-19) leaves Pearl Harbor, Hawaii (USA), en route to Vietnam after a change of command ceremony for Commander, U.S. Pacific Command, Adm. John S. McCain relieved Adm. Ulysses S. Grant Sharp on 31 July 1968. Hancock was deployed to Vietnam from 18 July 1968 to 3 March 1969.
USS Bon Homme Richard (CVA-31) underway at sea c1959.jpg
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Bon Homme Richard (CVA-31) underway. Bon Homme Richard, with assigned Carrier Air Group 19 (CVG-19), was deployed to the Western Pacific from 1 November 1958 to 19 June 1959.
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Bon Homme Richard (CVA-31) underway. Bon Homme Richard, with assigned Carrier Air Group 19 (CVG-19), was deployed to the Western Pacific from 1 November 1958 to 19 June 1959.
USS Intrepid SCB modernizationsEdited.jpg
Autor: Solicitr, Licencja: CC0
USS Intrepid (CVA-11) before and after SCB-125 refit
Autor: Solicitr, Licencja: CC0
USS Intrepid (CVA-11) before and after SCB-125 refit
USS Lexington (CVS-16) underway in the 1960s.JPEG
The U.S. Navy training aircraft carrier USS Lexington (CVS-16) underway. Note that the ship is still equipped with Mk 24 12.7 cm/38 open gun mounts that were removed in 1969. She also still carries her full radar complement (SPS-8A, SPS-12 and SPS-43) that was installed in 1961.
The U.S. Navy training aircraft carrier USS Lexington (CVS-16) underway. Note that the ship is still equipped with Mk 24 12.7 cm/38 open gun mounts that were removed in 1969. She also still carries her full radar complement (SPS-8A, SPS-12 and SPS-43) that was installed in 1961.
USS Lexington (CV-16) underway on 10 March 1944.jpg
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Lexington (CV-16) underway on 10 March 1944. Rear Admiral Marc Mitscher took command of the newly formed Task Force 58 (TF 58) on 8 March. Mitscher took Lexington as his flagship, and after a warm-up strike against Mili atoll, the Fast Carrier Task Force began a series of operations against the Japanese positions in the Central Pacific. She supported U.S. Army landings at Hollandia on 13 April, and then raided Truk on 28 April.
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Lexington (CV-16) underway on 10 March 1944. Rear Admiral Marc Mitscher took command of the newly formed Task Force 58 (TF 58) on 8 March. Mitscher took Lexington as his flagship, and after a warm-up strike against Mili atoll, the Fast Carrier Task Force began a series of operations against the Japanese positions in the Central Pacific. She supported U.S. Army landings at Hollandia on 13 April, and then raided Truk on 28 April.
USS Kearsarge (CV-33) underway in April 1952.jpg
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Kearsarge (CV-33) following her SCB-27A modernisation at the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, Washington (USA), in April 1952.
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Kearsarge (CV-33) following her SCB-27A modernisation at the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, Washington (USA), in April 1952.
USS Yorktown (CVA-10) underway July 1953.jpg
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Yorktown (CVA-10) underway in July 1953, after completion of her SCB-27A modernization.
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Yorktown (CVA-10) underway in July 1953, after completion of her SCB-27A modernization.