Urobek

Wózek z urobkiem ciągnięty przez psa, fot. 1915, Illinois, USA

Urobek – kopalina pozyskana poprzez robotę górniczą, niezależnie od frakcji[1] i zawartości skały płonnej[2].

Oddzielenie kopaliny od skały płonnej

W przypadku kopalin węgla, zanieczyszczenia skalne mogą stanowić od 30 do 40% wywożonego na powierzchnię urobku.

Kopalinę od skały płonnej rozdziela się na powierzchni, w zakładzie wzbogacania. W Polsce najczęściej stosowana metoda wzbogacania węgla to metoda wodna, w której wykorzystuje się siłę grawitacji i różnice w gęstości węgla i skał. Skała jest cięższa od węgla, więc w wodzie opada szybciej niż węgiel. Skała opada na dno a węgiel jest zbierany z góry. Wykorzystuje się do tego osadzarki pulsacyjne.

Przypisy

  1. ↑ Obróbka kamienia i materiały kamienne. W: Mirosława Popek, Bożenna Wapińska: Podstawy budownictwa. Warszawa: WSiP, s. 86. ISBN 978-83-02-10750-4.
  2. ↑ Stanisław Gisman: Słownik górniczy. Hasło: urobek. Katowice: Instytut Węglowy, 1949, s. 310.

Bibliografia

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Coal mining in Illinois (1915) (14591113697).jpg
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Identifier: coalmininginilli13andr (find matches)
Title: Coal mining in Illinois
Year: 1915 (1910s)
Authors: Andros, S. O Illinois State Geological Survey University of Illinois (Urbana-Champaign campus). Dept. of Mining Engineering United States. Bureau of Mines
Subjects: Coal mines and mining
Publisher: Urbana, (Ill.) : University of Illinois
Contributing Library: University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
Digitizing Sponsor: University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign

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Text Appearing Before Image:
12 15.9 730 86 12 15.2 1045 87 10 32.5 1366 VIII 6 and 7 93 13 38.4 1208 Averages by districts IV 5 11 33.1 1343 V 5 10 25.2 963 VI 6 11* 25.0 902 VII 6 11 26.6 1420 VIII 6 and 7 13 38.4 1208 Average of 45 r nines 11 27.5 1198 Their great advantages are cheapness of installation and flex-ibility. The necessity of bonding rails is obviated, no surfaceplant is required, and the change from mule haulage can bemade without stringing trolley wires. They are subject, how-ever, to the usual defects of the gasoline engine when requiredto do variable work. Their limitations for use in mines areclearly shown by Prof. O. P. Hood, Chief Mechanical En-gineer of the U. S. Bureau of Mines.1 Prof. Hood says, Thesize of a gasoline locomotive that may with safety be intro-duced into a mine depends upon the amount of air that can be 1Gasoline Locomotives in Relation to the Health of the Miners.American Institute of Mining Engineers, October, 1914, p. 2607. Bulletin of the 178 COAL MINING INVESTIGATIONS
Text Appearing After Image:
Fig. 55. Pit-car hauled by dog. (Photo by Mr. James Taylor) Table 30.—Ton mileage of locomotives other thanstandard electric Kind 5 No.mine Weight of locomotive in tons Miles traveledper shift Ton mileageper shift Gasoline III 19 5 28.4 512 24 7 11.4 150 IV 29 8 13.3 270 39 12 33.1 1392 64 8 27.3 458 VI 79 6 12.7 468 7 81 5 16.6 518 Rack-rail 2 23,4 33.0 528 II 15 VII 88 5 40.0 1593 89 4 35.0 1556 Average: Standard electricThird-rail electricGasoline 11.03.97.3 27.236.020.4 11981226 538 HAULAGE 179 mixed with the exhaust gases in the most unfavorable portionof the run of the locomotive. For each cubic foot of carbonmonoxide possible to generate in the engine there should beavailable 2,000 cu. ft. of air to mix with the exhaust gases ifthis air is for continued breathing, while for short and infre-quent intervals the proportion may rise to one part in onethousand. Table 31 gives data compiled by Prof. Hood. Table 31.—Amount of air required for ventilation withvarious sizes of gasol

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