Wyspa Jamesa Rossa

Wyspa Jamesa Rossa
Ilustracja
Zdjęcie lotnicze wyspy
KontynentAntarktyda
Powierzchnia2598 km²
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Położenie na mapie Półwyspu Antarktycznego
Mapa konturowa Półwyspu Antarktycznego, u góry po prawej znajduje się punkt z opisem „Wyspa Jamesa Rossa”
Położenie na mapie Antarktyki
Mapa konturowa Antarktyki, u góry po lewej znajduje się punkt z opisem „Wyspa Jamesa Rossa”
Ziemia64°10′S 57°45′W/-64,166667 -57,750000

Wyspa Jamesa Rossa – duża wyspa w pobliżu północno-wschodniego krańca Półwyspu Antarktycznego (Trinity Peninsula), od którego oddziela ją Kanał Księcia Gustawa.

Została nazwana na cześć polarnika Jamesa Rossa, który w 1842 roku odkrył wyspę i sporządził mapę jej wschodniego wybrzeża. Nie należy mylić jej z Wyspą Rossa na Morzu Rossa[1].

Wyspę Jamesa Rossa tworzy rozległy wulkan tarczowy, aktywny głównie w miocenie i pliocenie. Najwyższy szczyt, Mount Haddington, wznosi się na 1630 m n.p.m.; pokrywają go lodowce. Niektóre stożki piroklastyczne w pobliżu szczytu mogą mieć zaledwie kilka tysięcy lat[2].

Znajduje się na niej czeska letnia stacja polarna Mendel. Na wyspie w 1986 roku znaleziono szczątki pierwszego dinozaura odkrytego w Antarktyce, roślinożernej antarktopelty.

Lokalizacja Wyspy Jamesa Rossa (2)

Przypisy

  1. ↑ USGS Geographic Names Information System - James Ross Island
  2. ↑ James Ross Island (ang.). Global Volcanism Program. [dostęp 2014-10-23].

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Autor: One Salient Oversight, Licencja: CC0
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James Ross Island captured by NASA photographer James Ross.jpg
James Ross Island from NASA's DC-8 aircraft during an AirSAR 2004 mission over the Antarctic Peninsula.

James Ross Island captured by NASA photographer James Ross (no relation), from NASA's DC-8 aircraft during an AirSAR 2004 mission over the Antarctic Peninsula. James Ross Island, named for 19th century British polar explorer Sir James Clark Ross, is located at the northern tip of the Antarctic Peninsula. The island is about 1500 m high and 40-60 km wide. In recent decades, the area has experienced significant atmospheric warming (about 2 degrees C since 1950), which has triggered a vast and spectacular retreat of its floating ice shelves, glacier reduction, a decrease in permanent snow cover and a lengthening of the melt season. AirSAR 2004 is a three-week expedition in Central and South America by an international team of scientists that is using an all-weather imaging tool, called the Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (AirSAR), located onboard NASA's DC-8 airborne laboratory. Scientists from many parts of the world are combining ground research with NASA's AirSAR technology to improve and expand on the quality of research they are able to conduct. These photos are from the DC-8 aircraft while flying an AirSAR mission over Antarctica. The Antarctic Peninsula is more similar to Alaska and Patagonia than to the rest of the Antarctic continent. It is drained by fast glaciers, receives abundant precipitation, and melts significantly in the summer months. This region is being studied by NASA using a DC-8 equipped with the Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar developed by scientists from NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. AirSAR will provide a baseline model and unprecedented mapping of the region. This data will make it possible to determine whether the warming trend is slowing, continuing or accelerating. AirSAR will also provide reliable information on ice shelf thickness to measure the contribution of the glaciers to sea level.

AirSAR collects multi-frequency and multi-polarization radar data for a variety of science applications. It also acquires data in interferometric modes, providing topographic information (cross-track mode) or ocean current information (along-track interferometry). This March 2004 deployment was planned to:

  • Study the extent and distribution of archeological Mayan civilization (using foliage-penetrating radar)
  • Study the glaciers of Patagonia and the Antarctic peninsula
  • Investigate new techniques for the measurement of the forest structure of dense tropical forests
  • Fill in the largest "void" in the SRTM-derived map of South American topography
  • Collect additional data for various research initiatives
    During the deployment data is collected over Central and South America and Antarctica. During the approximately 100 flight hours, AirSAR is acquiring polarimetric and/or interferometric data along a 20,000 km track, or about 200,000 sq. km of data over 40 sites for 30 scientists. AirSAR will collect data related to the following NASA Code YS science programs:
  • Cryospheric Science
  • Land Cover/Land Use Change
  • Natural Hazards
  • Physical Oceanography
  • Terrestrial Ecology
  • Hydrology
    NASA used a DC-8 aircraft as a flying science laboratory. The platform aircraft, was based at NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, Calif., collected data for many experiments in support of scientific projects serving the world scientific community. Included in this community were NASA, federal, state, academic and foreign investigators. Data gathered by the DC-8 at flight altitude and by remote sensing has been used for scientific studies in archeology, ecology, geography, hydrology, meteorology, oceanography, volcanology, atmospheric chemistry, soil science and biology.
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Ta mapa została stworzona lub ulepszona w niemieckiej Kartenwerkstatt (Pracowni Kartograficznej). I Ty możesz zaproponować inne mapy do ulepszenia.
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Islands near the north end of the Antarctic Peninsula
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Autor: Alexrk2, Licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0
Physical Location map Antarctica, Azimuthal equidistant projection