Zheng-He-7th-expedition-map
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Route of the 7th expedition of Zheng He's fleet (1431-1433).
- Solid line: the route of the main fleet from Nanjing to Hormuz, as described in Xia Xiyang (下西洋).
- Dashed line: a possible route of Hong Bao's squadron, to Bengal, Arabia and Africa, based on suggestions made in Dreyer (2007) (who uses Ma Huan's Ying-yai Sheng-lan (瀛涯胜览), Ming shi and other sources.)
- Dotted line: travel of 7 Chinese explorers, on an Indian (or Arab? vessel) and by caravan from Calicut to Mecca and Medina.
- Red circles: cities thought to have been visited by the fleets of Zheng He, or the elements of the fleet, on the 7th and/or earlier voyages.
- Green circles: important places in the biography of Zheng He, and Arabian cities visited by Ma Huan.
The main source for all routes: chapter on the last expedition of Zheng He in: Dreyer E. L., Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405-1433. — Longman, 2007. — 256 p. — (Library of World Biography Series). — ISBN 0321084438.
The cities in Bengal are given as per : Barbosa, Duarte & Dames, Mansel Longworth (1996), An Account Of The Countries Bordering On The Indian Ocean And Their Inhabitants; Written By Duarte Barbosa And Completed About The Year 1518 A.D. Vol I: Including The Coasts Of East Africa, Arabia, Persia And Western India As Far As The Kingdom Of Vijayanagar. Vol. II: Including The Coasts Of Malabar, Eastern India, Further India, China And The Indian Archipelago. Asian Educational Services, pp. 138-139, ISBN 8120604512
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